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Three papers are reviewed in this paper. The first paper presents a model of biological processes to investigate long-term effects of soil and crop long-erm effects of soil and crop management strategies while the other two papers present approaches to study crop production strategies at the ente...


Fernández Rivera, S.Hiernaux, Pierre H.Y.Kaufmann, Ralph R. vonTurner, M.Williams, Timothy O.[Response to case studies of eco-regional approaches at the farm/enterprise level]Response to case studies of eco-regional approaches at the farm/enterprise level

This paper outlines the role of livestock in integrated nutrient management in semi-arid west Africa. Farmers' strategies in the use of animal manure as well as research efforts to better understand the process of nutrient cycling through livestock in mixed farming systems are described. It con...


Williams, Timothy O.Hiernaux, Pierre H.Y.Fernández Rivera, S.[The role of livestock in integrated nutrient management in semi-arid West Africa]The role of livestock in integrated nutrient management in semi-arid West Africa

In semi-arid sub-Saharan Africa as in many dryland areas, livestock are an integral part of the farming systems. Livestock offer opportunities for risk coping, farm diversification and intensification and provide significant livelihood benefits to the poor. The ability of livestock systems to con...


Williams, Timothy O.Thornton, Philip K.Fernández Rivera, S.[Trends and prospects for livestock systems in the semi-arid tropics of sub-Saharan Africa]Trends and prospects for livestock systems in the semi-arid tropics of sub-Saharan Africa

The influence of forage type, feed allowance and watering time on faeces and urine excretion by cattle, sheep and goats was studied. Higher amounts of nitrogen (N) were excreted during the day than during the night. The occurrence of defaecation and urination was highest at the time of getting up...


Schlecht, E.Fernández Rivera, S.Hiernaux, Pierre H.Y.[Timing, size and nitrogen concentration of faecal and urinary excretions in cattle, sheep and goats: An they be exploited for better manuring of cropland?]Timing, size and nitrogen concentration of faecal and urinary excretions in cattle, sheep and goats: An they be exploited for better manuring of cropland?

In this document ILCA proposes a set of six researchable issues pertaining to ILCA's three research areas that need to be investigated (three broad themes). A brief description of the researchable issues is presented. This includes economic and policy measures to improve the management of natural...


Fernández Rivera, S.Hiernaux, Pierre H.Y.Turner, M.Williams, Timothy O.[Ecological and economic linkages between the arid and semi-arid zones: The role of livestock]Ecological and economic linkages between the arid and semi-arid zones: The role of livestock

A classification of the major ruminant livestock production systems in West Africa is proposed. The proposed typology has two major classes of systems-sole livestock and crop-livestock. The sole livestock class has two systems (rangeland-based and landless) and the crop-livestock class has three ...


Fernández Rivera, S.Okike, I.Manyong, Victor M.Williams, Timothy O.Kruska, R.L.Tarawali, Shirley A.[Classification and description of the major farming systems incorporating ruminant livestock in West Africa]Classification and description of the major farming systems incorporating ruminant livestock in West Africa

Published and new data from experiments conducted in several range sites in Niger and Mali were analysed to assess wet season, dry season and year-round animal weight changes, stocking rates, forage availability, feed intake and faecal excretions of cattle, sheep and goats. Herbage availability o...


Hiernaux, Pierre H.Y.Ayantunde, Augustine A.Leeuw, P.N. deFernández Rivera, S.Sangare, M.Schlecht, E.[Foraging efficiency, stocking rates, grazing pressure and livestock weight changes in the Sahel]Foraging efficiency, stocking rates, grazing pressure and livestock weight changes in the Sahel

Short-duration rotation grazing was compared with deferred grazing in a 3-year experiment at ICRISAT, Niger. Short-duration grazing used a mixed herd (2 steers, 4 sheep and 4 goats) and cycles of 15-21 days in the wet season and 91 days in the dry season. Wet season grazing compared high (83-126 ...


Hiernaux, Pierre H.Y.Fernández Rivera, S.[Grazing rotation in the annual-dominated rangelands of the Sahel]Grazing rotation in the annual-dominated rangelands of the Sahel

In the short term, grazing of a 40-ha fallow in the Sahel, Niger, by sheep and goats reduced the standing herbage mass in the wet season and increased its disappearance during the dry season. The effects of stocking rate (62.5 or 125 k g liveweight/ha) and the proportion of sheep in the mixture (...


Hiernaux, Pierre H.Y.Fernández Rivera, S.[Grazing effects of goat-sheep mixes on vegetation structure and productivity of old fallow in the Sahel]Grazing effects of goat-sheep mixes on vegetation structure and productivity of old fallow in the Sahel

Animal manure is of vital importance to soil-fertility maintenance in semi-arid West Africa due to its intrinsic value as a soil amendment and because of the low level of inorganic fertiliser use. This paper provides a regional overview of manure utilisation for food crop production. Results of e...


Williams, Timothy O.Powell, J.M.Fernández Rivera, S.[Manure utilisation, drought cycles and herd dynamics in the Sahel: implications for cropland productivity]Manure utilisation, drought cycles and herd dynamics in the Sahel: implications for cropland productivity

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