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Milk is an important source of energy and nutrients, especially for children, and in Kenya, milk consumption is higher than other countries in the region. One major concern with milk is the risks of chemical contaminants, and reports of high levels of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk in Kenya has been...


Lindahl, Johanna F.Kagera, I.N.Grace, Delia[Aflatoxin M1 levels in different marketed milk products in Nairobi, Kenya]Aflatoxin M1 levels in different marketed milk products in Nairobi, Kenya

Background: Food safety is of increasing global concern, and a OneHealth issue requiring attention of many disciplines. Aflatoxins are toxins produced by fungi and found in foods and feeds, and exposure causes negative health effects in humans and animals. When lactating animals consume aflatoxin...


Anyango, G.Mutua, F.Kagera, I.Andang'o, P.Grace, DeliaLindahl, Johanna F.[A survey of aflatoxin M1 contamination in raw milk produced in urban and peri-urban areas of Kisumu County, Kenya]A survey of aflatoxin M1 contamination in raw milk produced in urban and peri-urban areas of Kisumu County, Kenya

Introduction: Milk consumption in Kenya supersedes other countries in East Africa. However, milk contamination with aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is common, but the magnitude of this exposure and the health risks are poorly understood and need to be monitored routinely. This study aimed at assessing the aw...


Kagera, IreneKahenya, PeterMutua, FlorenceAnyango, GladysKyallo, FlorenceGrace, DeliaLindahl, Johanna F.[Status of aflatoxin contamination in cow milk produced in smallholder dairy farms in urban and peri-urban areas of Nairobi County: A case study of Kasarani sub county, Kenya]Status of aflatoxin contamination in cow milk produced in smallholder dairy farms in urban and peri-urban areas of Nairobi County: A case study of Kasarani sub county, Kenya

Animal products are highly nutritious, but also highly perishable. In India milk is an important source of animal protein, but problems with low quality of the milk, high degrees of adulterated milk on the market, high bacterial loads, and sometimes presence of zoonotic pathogens persist. Most da...


Lindahl, Johanna F.Deka, Ram PratimMelin, DavidBerg, AnnaLundén, HannaLapar, Ma. LucilaAsse, RainerGrace, Delia[An inclusive and participatory approach to changing policies and practices for improved milk safety in Assam, northeast India]An inclusive and participatory approach to changing policies and practices for improved milk safety in Assam, northeast India

Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) is a highly fatal disease caused by Pasteurella multocida that often cause outbreaks in buffalo and cattle in India, and thus is a major cause of production losses. It is one of the livestock diseases with the highest mortality, and despite available vaccines, outbreak...


Shome, R.Deka, Ram PratimSahay, S.Grace, DeliaLindahl, Johanna F.[Seroprevalence of hemorrhagic septicemia in dairy cows in Assam, India]Seroprevalence of hemorrhagic septicemia in dairy cows in Assam, India

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been identified as one of the major threats to global health, food security and development today. While there has been considerable attention about the use and misuse of antibiotics amongst human populations in both research and policy environments, ...


Chauhan, A.S.George, M.S.Chatterjee, P.Lindahl, Johanna F.Grace, DeliaKakkar, M.[The social biography of antibiotic use in smallholder dairy farms in India]The social biography of antibiotic use in smallholder dairy farms in India

Coxiellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the ubiquitous bacteria Coxiella burnetii, which can be spread either through ticks or through body fluids. In humans the infection is characterized by a febrile disease; ruminants may abort and reduce their milk yield, causing serious production losses...


Shome, R.Deka, Ram PratimMilesh, L.Sahay, S.Grace, DeliaLindahl, Johanna F.[Coxiella seroprevalence and risk factors in large ruminants in Bihar and Assam, India]Coxiella seroprevalence and risk factors in large ruminants in Bihar and Assam, India

In the tropics, staples such as maize are often contaminated with mycotoxins, harmful by-products of fungal metabolism. In particular, high exposure to aflatoxins may cause fatal illness in people and animals, while chronic exposure can cause liver cancer in humans and, in domestic animals, growt...


Kiama, T.N.Lindahl, Johanna F.Sirma, A.J.Senerwa, D.M.Waithanji, Elizabeth M.Ochungo, P.A.Poole, Elizabeth J.Kang'ethe, Erastus K.Grace, Delia[Kenya dairy farmer perception of moulds and mycotoxins and implications for exposure to aflatoxins: A gendered analysis]Kenya dairy farmer perception of moulds and mycotoxins and implications for exposure to aflatoxins: A gendered analysis

Background Rapid urbanization has led to expansion of peri-urban fringes, where intensive, industry-style livestock rearing has led to emerging vulnerabilities at the human-animal-environment interface. This study was undertaken to understand the health system and farm-level factors that influenc...


Chauhan, A.S.George, M.S.Lindahl, Johanna F.Grace, DeliaKakkar, M.[Community, system and policy level drivers of bovine tuberculosis in smallholder periurban dairy farms in India: A qualitative enquiry]Community, system and policy level drivers of bovine tuberculosis in smallholder periurban dairy farms in India: A qualitative enquiry

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), a human carcinogen, is found in milk products and may have potentially severe health impacts on milk consumers. We assessed the risk of cancer and stunting as a result of AFM1 consumption in Nairobi, Kenya, using worst case assumptions of toxicity and data from previous studi...


Ahlberg, Sara H.Grace, DeliaKiarie, G.Lindahl, Johanna F.[A risk assessment of aflatoxin M1 exposure in low and mid-income dairy consumers in Kenya]A risk assessment of aflatoxin M1 exposure in low and mid-income dairy consumers in Kenya

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