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There are substantial limitations in our understanding of the distribution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in humans and livestock in developing countries. Here, we present the results of an epidemiological study examining patterns of AMR in Escherichia coli isolates circulating in sympatric hu...


Muloi, DishonKiiru, J.Ward, M.J.Hassell, James M.Bettridge, Judy M.Robinson, T.P.Bunnik, B.A.D. vanChase-Topping, M.Robertson, G.Pedersen, A.B.Fèvre, Eric M.Woolhouse, Mark E.J.Kang'ethe, Erastus K.Kariuki, S.[Epidemiology of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli carriage in sympatric humans and livestock in a rapidly urbanizing city]Epidemiology of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli carriage in sympatric humans and livestock in a rapidly urbanizing city

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) driven by antibiotic consumption is a growing global health threat. However, data on antimicrobial consumption patterns in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is sparse. Here, we investigate the patterns of antibiotic sales in humans and livestock in...


Muloi, DishonFèvre, Eric M.Bettridge, Judy M.Rono, RobertOng’are, DanielHassell, James M.Karani, Maurice K.Muinde, PatrickBunnik, B. vanStreet, A.Chase-Topping, M.Pedersen, A.B.Ward, M.J.Woolhouse, Mark E.J.[A cross-sectional survey of practices and knowledge among antibiotic retailers in Nairobi, Kenya]A cross-sectional survey of practices and knowledge among antibiotic retailers in Nairobi, Kenya

Many individual hosts are infected with multiple parasite species, and this may increase or decrease the pathogenicity of the infections. This phenomenon is termed heterologous reactivity and is potentially an important determinant of both patterns of morbidity and mortality and of the impact of ...


Woolhouse, Mark E.J.Thumbi, S.M.Jennings, A.Chase-Topping, M.Callaby, R.Kiara, Henry K.Oosthuizen, M.C.Mbole-Kariuki, Mary N.Conradie, I.Handel, I.G.Poole, Elizabeth J.Njiiri, E.Collins, N.E.Murray, G.Tapio, M.Auguet, O.T.Weir, W.Morrison, W. IvanKruuk, L.E.B.Bronsvoort, B.M. de C.Hanotte, Olivier H.Coetzer, K.Toye, Philip G.[Co-infections determine patterns of mortality in a population exposed to parasite infection]Co-infections determine patterns of mortality in a population exposed to parasite infection

Tick-borne diseases are a major impediment to improved productivity of livestock in sub-Saharan Africa. Improved control of these diseases would be assisted by detailed epidemiological data. Here we used longitudinal, serological data to determine the patterns of exposure to Theileria parva, Thei...


Kiara, Henry K.Jennings, A.Bronsvoort, B.M. de C.Hande, I.G.Mwangi, S.T.Mbole-Kariuki, Mary N.Wyk, I.C. vanPoole, Elizabeth J.Hanotte, Olivier H.Coetzer, J.A.W.Woolhouse, Mark E.J.Toye, Philip G.[A longitudinal assessment of the serological response to Theileria parva and other tick-borne parasites from birth to one year in a cohort of indigenous calves in western Kenya]A longitudinal assessment of the serological response to Theileria parva and other tick-borne parasites from birth to one year in a cohort of indigenous calves in western Kenya

Parasite burden varies widely between individuals within a population, and can covary with multiple aspects of individual phenotype. Here we investigate the sources of variation in faecal strongyle eggs counts, and its association with body weight and a suite of haematological measures, in a coho...


Callaby, R.Hanotte, Olivier H.Wyk, I.C. vanKiara, Henry K.Toye, Philip G.Mbole-Kariuki, Mary N.Jennings, A.Thumbi, S.M.Coetzer, J.A.W.Bronsvoort, B.M. de C.Knott, S.A.Woolhouse, Mark E.J.Kruuk, L.E.B.[Variation and covariation in strongyle infection in East African shorthorn zebu calves]Variation and covariation in strongyle infection in East African shorthorn zebu calves

We have carried out a study of risk factors for early detection of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense sleeping sickness. Records of sleeping sickness patients from 1987 to 2001 from Tororo and Busia districts in Uganda were reviewed for their village of origin and clinical stage (early or late). All...


Odiit, M.Coleman, P.G.McDermott, John J.Fèvre, Eric M.Welburn, S.C.Woolhouse, Mark E.J.[Spatial and temporal risk factors for the early detection of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense sleeping sickness patients in Tororo and Busia districts, Uganda]Spatial and temporal risk factors for the early detection of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense sleeping sickness patients in Tororo and Busia districts, Uganda
Fèvre, Eric M.Coleman, P.G.Odiit, M.Magona, J.W.Welburn, S.C.Woolhouse, Mark E.J.[The origins of a new Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense sleeping sickness outbreak in eastern Uganda]The origins of a new Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense sleeping sickness outbreak in eastern Uganda

Most studies of infectious diseases in East African cattle have concentrated on gastro-intestinal parasites and vector-borne diseases. As a result, relatively little is known about viral diseases, except for those that are clinically symptomatic or which affect international trade such as foot an...


Callaby, R.Toye, Philip G.Jennings, A.Thumbi, S.M.Wyk, I.C. vanHanotte, Olivier H.Mbole-Kariuki, Mary N.Bronsvoort, B.M. de C.Kruuk, L.E.B.Woolhouse, Mark E.J.Kiara, Henry K.[Seroprevalence of respiratory viral pathogens of indigenous calves in western Kenya]Seroprevalence of respiratory viral pathogens of indigenous calves in western Kenya

Surveillance of diseases in Kenya and elsewhere in East Africa is currently carried out by both human and animal health sectors. However, a recent evaluation highlighted the lack of integration between these sectors, leading to disease under-reporting and inefficiencies. This project aimed to dev...


Falzon, Laura C.Alumasa, LorrenAmanya, FredrickKang'ethe, Erastus K.Kariuki, SamuelMomanyi, KelvinMuinde, PatrickMurungi, Maurice K.Njoroge, Samuel M.Ogendo, AllanOgola, JosephRushton, JonathanWoolhouse, Mark E.J.Fèvre, Eric M.[One Health in action: Operational aspects of an integrated surveillance system for zoonoses in western Kenya]One Health in action: Operational aspects of an integrated surveillance system for zoonoses in western Kenya
Fèvre, Eric M.Odiit, M.Coleman, P.G.Woolhouse, Mark E.J.Welburn, S.C.[Estimating the burden of rhodesiense sleeping sickness during an outbreak in Serere, eastern Uganda]Estimating the burden of rhodesiense sleeping sickness during an outbreak in Serere, eastern Uganda

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