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The Northern Areas of Pakistan form a mountainous, semi-arid region in which subsistence mixed farming is the predominant economic activity for the majority of the population, which numbers around 1 million. Following a period of relative isolation, construction of the Karakoram Highway and the e...


Duncan, Alan J.Rahman, D.A.Miller, D.W.Frutos, P.Gordon, I.J.Atiq-ur RehmanBaig, A.Ali, F.Wright, Iain A.[Transhumance livestock production in the Northern Areas of Pakistan: Nutritional inputs and productive outputs]Transhumance livestock production in the Northern Areas of Pakistan: Nutritional inputs and productive outputs

An experiment was conducted to examine the effects of mixed grazing of sheep plus cattle under continuous stocking of permanent pasture at different sward heights. The experiment had a 2 × 3 factorial design, with two sward surface heights (4-5 and 8-10 cm) and three combinations of animal specie...


Wright, Iain A.Jones, J.R.Davies, D.A.Davidson, G.R.Vale, J.E.[The effect of sward surface height on the response to mixed grazing by cattle and sheep]The effect of sward surface height on the response to mixed grazing by cattle and sheep

There is growing interest in the environmental benefits of grazing by cattle, yet little information is available regarding the levels of production that might be achieved on semi-natural rough grazing (SNRG). The overall aim of this research was to assess the performance of native and ‘improved’...


Fraser, M.D.Davies, D.A.Vale, J.E.Nute, G.R.Hallett, K.G.Richardson, R.I.Wright, Iain A.[Performance and meat quality of native and continental cross steers grazing improved upland pasture or semi-natural rough grazing]Performance and meat quality of native and continental cross steers grazing improved upland pasture or semi-natural rough grazing

A survey of 59 small-holder households was used to gather information about livestock production within a small-holder farming system in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. A broader survey of 130 households was used to gather information about cropping patterns, and access to off-farm employment and...


Rahman, A.Duncan, Alan J.Miller, D.Clemens, J.Frutos, P.Gordon, I.J.Atiq-ur RehmanBaig, A.Ali, F.Wright, Iain A.[Livestock feed resources, production and management in the agro-pastoral system of the Hindu Kush-Karakoram-Himalayan region of Pakistan; the effect of accessibility]Livestock feed resources, production and management in the agro-pastoral system of the Hindu Kush-Karakoram-Himalayan region of Pakistan; the effect of accessibility

revious experiments have shown that mixed or conjoint grazing, when two or more animal species are grazed together, can lead to improved performance of one or more of the species and a higher total output per unit area. Sequential grazing systems, when different animal species graze an area in su...


Fraser, M.D.Davies, D.A.Vale, J.E.Hirst, W.M.Wright, Iain A.[Effects on animal performance and sward composition of mixed and sequential grazing of permanent pasture by cattle and sheep]Effects on animal performance and sward composition of mixed and sequential grazing of permanent pasture by cattle and sheep

This study investigates the status, estimates the cost, and identifies the determinants of compliance with food safety measures in milk production in India. The study is based on the cross section primary data collected at the farm level in 3 states of India, namely, Bihar, Punjab, and Uttar Prad...


Kumar, A.Wright, Iain A.Singh, D.K.[Adoption of food safety practices in milk production: Implications for dairy farmers in India]Adoption of food safety practices in milk production: Implications for dairy farmers in India

As the demand for livestock products increases, and is expected to continue to increase over the next few decades, especially in developing countries, smallholder mixed systems are becoming more intensive. However, with limited land and water resources and concern about the environmental impact o...


Wright, Iain A.Tarawali, Shirley A.Blümmel, MichaelGerard, Bruno G.Teufel, NilsHerrero, Mario T.[Integrating crops and livestock in subtropical agricultural systems]Integrating crops and livestock in subtropical agricultural systems

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