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West African Aspergillus flavus S isolates differed from North American isolates. Both produced aflatoxin B1. However, 40 and 100% of West African isolates also produced aflatoxin G1 in NH4 medium and urea medium, respectively. No North American S strain isolate produced aflatoxin G1. This geogra...


Cotty, P.J.Cardwell, K.F.[Divergence of West African and North American communities of Aspergillus section flavi]Divergence of West African and North American communities of Aspergillus section flavi

The population and diversity of fungal species and levels of aflatoxin contamination were investigated in 228 marketed peanut samples; 140 from formal and 88 from informal markets, in Kericho and Eldoret towns of Kenya. Ground pea- nut samples were cultured on Modified Dichloran Rose Bengal (MDRB...


Nyirahakizimana, H.Mwamburi, L.Wakhisi, J.Mutegi, C.Christie, M.E.Wagacha, M.[Occurrence of Aspergillus species and aflatoxin contamination in raw and roasted peanuts from formal and informal markets in Eldoret and Kericho towns, Kenya]Occurrence of Aspergillus species and aflatoxin contamination in raw and roasted peanuts from formal and informal markets in Eldoret and Kericho towns, Kenya

Maize infected by aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus flavus may become contaminated with aflatoxins, and as a result, threaten human health, food security and farmers’ income in developing countries where maize is a staple. Environmental distribution and genetic diversity of A. flavus can influence ...


Atehnkeng, J.Donner, M.Ojiambo, P.S.Ikotun, B.Augusto, J.Cotty, P.Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit[Environmental distribution and genetic diversity of vegetative compatibility groups determine biocontrol strategies to mitigate aflatoxin contamination of maize by Aspergillus flavus]Environmental distribution and genetic diversity of vegetative compatibility groups determine biocontrol strategies to mitigate aflatoxin contamination of maize by Aspergillus flavus

Peanut kernels of Homabay Local, Valencia Red, ICGV-SM 12991 and ICGV-SM 99568 cultivars were storedfor six months in jute, polypropylene and polyethylene bags to assess the effect of storage bags, temperature andR.H. on fungal population and aflatoxin contamination. Moisture content (M.C.), fung...


Wagacha, M.Mutegi, C.Christie, M.E.Karanja, L.W.Kimani, J.[Changes in fungal population and aflatoxin levels and assessment of major aflatoxin types in stored peanuts (Arachis hypogaea Linnaeus)]Changes in fungal population and aflatoxin levels and assessment of major aflatoxin types in stored peanuts (Arachis hypogaea Linnaeus)

Aflatoxins, produced by the fungus Aspergillus flavus, are a major health concern because of their acute and chronic health effects on humans and domesticated animals. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) estimates that more than 4.5 billion people in the developing world are chronically exposed...


Dubois, T.Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit[Aflatoxin control projects launched in southern Africa]Aflatoxin control projects launched in southern Africa

Aflatoxins are toxic byproducts from some Aspergillus fungi, mainly Aspergillus flavus, colonizing crops before and after harvest, with preference for maize and groundnuts. In large quantities the toxins are mainly hepatotoxic, and can cause death due to liver failure. Chronic low-dose exposure h...


Lindahl, Johanna F.Senerwa, D.M.Mwangi, G.Sirma, A.J.Atherstone, ChristineGrace, Delia[Are aflatoxins a One Health issue? Results and insights from studies on aflatoxins in the East African dairy value chains]Are aflatoxins a One Health issue? Results and insights from studies on aflatoxins in the East African dairy value chains

The major mycotoxins studied at the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Re-search (CGIAR) institutes are aflatoxins in maize, groundnut, sorghum and cassava, Fusa-rium toxins in maize, wheat and sorghum, and ochratoxin in cocoa and cashew. Genetic en-hancement (both through plant bre...


Ortiz, R.Ban, T.Bandyopadhyay, RanajitBänziger, MarianneBergvinson, DavidHell, K.James, B.Jeffers, D.Kumar, L.Menkir, A.Murakami, J.Nigam, S.Upadhyaya, Hari D.Waliyar, F.[CGIAR researchfordevelopment program on mycotoxins]CGIAR researchfordevelopment program on mycotoxins

Aflatoxin accumulation in maize is strongly influenced by the environment in which the crop is grown. To gain insights into the ways in which soil fertility influences aflatoxin, we investigated the relationships between agronomic traits and aflatoxin in diverse maize testcrosses that were grown ...


Mutiga, SamuelMorales, L.Angwenyi, SamuelWainaina, JamesHarvey, Jagger J.W.Das, BiswanathNelsona, R.J.[Association between agronomic traits and aflatoxin accumulation in diverse maize lines grown under two soil nitrogen levels in Eastern Kenya]Association between agronomic traits and aflatoxin accumulation in diverse maize lines grown under two soil nitrogen levels in Eastern Kenya

Sugri, I.Osiru, M.Larbi, AsamoahBuah, S.S.J.Nutsugah, S.K.Asieku, Y.Lamini, S.[Aflatoxin management in northern Ghana: current prevalence and priority strategies in maize (Zea mays L)]Aflatoxin management in northern Ghana: current prevalence and priority strategies in maize (Zea mays L)

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