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Examines milk imports to Africa in the last decade and the present annual value, major constraints to increased milk output and management problems common to all dairy systems; discusses the complimentarity of crop and livestock production, different approaches to increase milk production, animal...


Brumby, P.J.Scholtens, R.G.[Management and health constraints for small scale dairy production in Africa]Management and health constraints for small scale dairy production in Africa

This study investigates the household-level impacts of market-oriented dairy technologies (crossbred cows and complementary feed and management technologies) on in-comes, food and non-food expenditures, nutrient intakes, and health of pre-school children. A recursive econometric model was employe...


Ahmed, M.Ehui, Simeon K.Mohamed-Saleem, M.A.[Adoption of crossbred cow technologies and increased food security among smallholder dairy farmers in the East African highlands]Adoption of crossbred cow technologies and increased food security among smallholder dairy farmers in the East African highlands

Background Measuring disease and injury burden in populations requires a composite metric that captures both premature mortality and the prevalence and severity of ill-health. The 1990 Global Burden of Disease study proposed disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) to measure disease burden. No co...


Murray, C.J.L.Lozano, R.Flaxman, A.D.[Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990—2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010]Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990—2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

The general role of veterinary epidemiology and economics to national animal-disease control throughout the world is considered for the four main groupings of animal diseases: zoonotic, food-borne, endemic and epidemic diseases. This is done by considering how veterinary epidemiology and economic...


Perry, Brian D.McDermott, John J.Randolph, Thomas F.[Can epidemiology and economics make a meaningful contribution to national animal-disease control?]Can epidemiology and economics make a meaningful contribution to national animal-disease control?

Reports a study of the interaction between trypanosome infections and physiological status on health and productivity in N'Dama cattle managed under traditional husbandry practices in The Gambia. Discusses production environments and herd management, parasite kinetics, erythropoietic response and...


Agyemang, K.Dwinger, R.H.Little, D.A.Leperre, P.Grieve, A.S.[Interaction between physiological status in N'Dama cows and trypanosome infections and its effect on health and productivity of cattle]Interaction between physiological status in N'Dama cows and trypanosome infections and its effect on health and productivity of cattle

This study was conducted to determine animal health constraints for dairy goats kept by small-scale farmers in Kongwa and Mvomero districts, Tanzania. A total of 129 dairy goats belonging to 108 farmers were screened for gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infection, coccidiosis, haemoparasites, bruc...


Shija, D.S.N.Kusiluka, L.J.M.Chenyambuga, S.W.Shayo, D.D.Lekule, F.P.[Animal health constraints of dairy goats kept under smallholder farming systems in Kongwa and Mvomero Districts, Tanzania]Animal health constraints of dairy goats kept under smallholder farming systems in Kongwa and Mvomero Districts, Tanzania

One of the major steps in the innate immune response of shrimp includes the activation of serine proteinases of the pro-phenoloxidase pathway by the prophenoloxidase activation enzyme (PPAF). In this study, the cDNA encoding a serine proteinase homologue (SPH) with prophenoloxidase activating act...


Ma, T.H.T.Benzie, John A.H.Jian-Guo HeCheng-Bo SunSiuming F. Chan[PmPPAF is a pro-phenoloxidase activating factor involved in innate immunity response of the shrimp Penaeus monodon]PmPPAF is a pro-phenoloxidase activating factor involved in innate immunity response of the shrimp Penaeus monodon

Development of improved vaccine and diagnostic-based disease control strategies has benefited considerably from advances in biotechnology, particularly those relating to recombinant DNA technology. Efficiency of the vaccine development process has been increased at all levels, from the analysis o...


McKeever, Declan J.Rege, J.E.O.[Vaccines and diagnostic tools for animal health: The influence of biotechnology]Vaccines and diagnostic tools for animal health: The influence of biotechnology

Reports an experiment in which small quantities of groundnut cake were fed during the dry season to lactating N'Dama cows maintained under village husbandry conditions in The Gambia, resulting in significant increases in quantities of milk offtake and in rates of growth of the suckling calves, an...


Little, D.A.Riley, J.A.Agyemang, K.Jeannin, P.Grieve, A.S.Badjie, B.Dwinger, R.H.[Effect of groundnut cake supplementation during the dry season on productivity characteristics of N'Dama cows under village husbandry conditions in The Gambia]Effect of groundnut cake supplementation during the dry season on productivity characteristics of N'Dama cows under village husbandry conditions in The Gambia

On-station characterisation of indigenous Menz (n = 1639) and Horro (n = 1135) sheep of Ethiopia in the central highlands of the country was undertaken between 1992 and 1997 at the Debre Berhan Research Station of the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) to study the phenotypic chara...


Tibbo, MarkosAyalew, W.Awgichew, K.Ermias, E.Rege, J.E.O.[On-station characterisation of indigenous Menz and Horro sheep breeds in the central highlands of Ethiopia]On-station characterisation of indigenous Menz and Horro sheep breeds in the central highlands of Ethiopia

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