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Transcriptome analysis can provide useful data for refining genome sequence annotation. Application of massively parallel signature sequencing (MPSS) revealed reproducible transcription, in multiple MPSS cycles, from 73% of computationally predicted genes in the Theileria parva schizont lifecycle...


Shah, TushaarVilliers, Etienne P. deNene, VishvanathHass, B.Taracha, E.A.Gardner, J.M.Sansom, C.Pelle, RogerBishop, Richard P.[Using the transcriptome to annotate the genome revisited: application of massively parallel signature sequencing (MPSS)]Using the transcriptome to annotate the genome revisited: application of massively parallel signature sequencing (MPSS)

We describe the generation of an auto-annotated index of genes that are expressed in the salivary glands of four-day fed female adult Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks. A total of 9162 EST sequences were derived from an uninfected tick cDNA library and 9844 ESTs were from a cDNA library from tic...


Nene, VishvanathLee, D.Kang'a, S.Skilton, Robert A.Shah, TushaarVilliers, Etienne P. deMwaura, S.Taylor, D.Quackenbush, J.Bishop, Richard P.[Genes transcribed in the salivary glands of female Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks infected with Theileria parva]Genes transcribed in the salivary glands of female Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks infected with Theileria parva

Reassociation kinetics and flow cytometry data indicate that ixodid tick genomes are large, relative to most arthropods, containing ≥ 109 base pairs. The molecular basis for this is unknown. We have identified a novel small interspersed element with features of a tRNA-derived SINE, designated Ruk...


Sunter, J.D.Patel, S.P.Skilton, Robert A.Knowles, Donald P.Scoles, Glen A.Nene, VishvanathVilliers, Etienne P. deBishop, Richard P.[A novel SINE family occurs frequently in both genomic DNA and transcribed sequences in ixodid ticks of the arthropod sub-phylum Chelicerata]A novel SINE family occurs frequently in both genomic DNA and transcribed sequences in ixodid ticks of the arthropod sub-phylum Chelicerata

The transcriptional control of gene expression is not well documented in the Arthropoda. We describe transcriptional analysis of two exceptionally divergent homologues (Ra86) of the Bm86 gut antigen from Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. Bm86 forms the basis of a commercial vaccine for the control of...


Kamau, L.Skilton, Robert A.Odongo, David O.Mwaura, S.Githaka, Naftaly W.Kanduma, E.G.Obura, M.Kabiru, E.Orago, A.Musoke, A.J.Bishop, Richard P.[Differential transcription of two highly divergent gut-expressed Bm86 antigen gene homologues in the tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (Acari: Ixodida)]Differential transcription of two highly divergent gut-expressed Bm86 antigen gene homologues in the tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (Acari: Ixodida)

Previous studies using monoclonal antibody (mAb) 4C9 specific for a 32 kDa antigen (p32) of Theileria parva demonstrated expression of the antigen on the surface of the sporozoite, making it a potential antigen for sporozoite neutralization. A full-length cDNA encoding the major merozoite/piropla...


Skilton, Robert A.Musoke, A.J.Wells, C.W.Yagi, Y.Nene, VishvanathSpooner, P.R.Gachanja, J.Osaso, J.Bishop, Richard P.Morzaria, S.P.[A 32 kDa surface antigen of Theileria parva: Characterization and immunization studies]A 32 kDa surface antigen of Theileria parva: Characterization and immunization studies

Immunity against the bovine protozoan parasite Theileria parva has previously been shown to be mediated through lysis of parasite-infected cells by MHC class I restricted CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. It is hypothesized that identification of CTL target schizont antigens will aid the development ...


Graham, S.P.Honda, Y.Pelle, RogerMwangi, D.M.Glew, E.J.Villiers, Etienne P. deShah, TushaarBishop, Richard P.Bruggen, P. van derNene, VishvanathTaracha, E.L.N.[A novel strategy for the identification of antigens that are recognised by bovine MHC class I restricted cytotoxic T cells in a protozoan infection using reverse vaccinology]A novel strategy for the identification of antigens that are recognised by bovine MHC class I restricted cytotoxic T cells in a protozoan infection using reverse vaccinology

Initial comparison of 2 polymorphic, immunodominant molecule (PIM) cDNA sequences from Theileria parva suggested that the PIM genes consist of conserved 5' and 3' termini flanking a central variable region. Further evidence is presented, based on sequence analysis, supporting this general structu...


Toye, Philip G.Gobright, E.I.Nyanjui, J.Nene, VishvanathBishop, Richard P.[Structure and sequence variation of the genes encoding the polymorphic, immunodominant molecule (PlM), a candidate diagnostic antigen of Theileria parva]Structure and sequence variation of the genes encoding the polymorphic, immunodominant molecule (PlM), a candidate diagnostic antigen of Theileria parva

A 3-step procedure for cloning Theileria parva parasites was developed. The first step involved the in vitro infection of a fixed number of bovine lymphocytes with titrated sporozoites. The cell lines obtained from infections initiated using sporozoite/lymphocyte ratios below 1:100 were then sele...


Morzaria, S.P.Dolan, T.T.Norval, R.A.I.Bishop, Richard P.Spooner, P.R.[Generation and characterisation of cloned Theileria parva parasites]Generation and characterisation of cloned Theileria parva parasites
Allsopp, B.A.Bayles, H.A.Allsopp, M.T.Cavalier-Smith, T.Bishop, Richard P.Carrington, D.M.Sohanpal, B.K.Spooner, P.R.[Discrimination between six species of Theileria using oligonucleotide probes which detect small subunit ribosomal RNA sequences]Discrimination between six species of Theileria using oligonucleotide probes which detect small subunit ribosomal RNA sequences
Bishop, Richard P.Sohanpal, B.K.Kariuki, D.Young, A.S.Nene, VishvanathBaylis, H.Allsopp, B.A.Spooner, P.R.Dolan, T.T.Morzaria, S.P.[Detection of a carrier state in Theileria parva infected cattle using the polymerase chain reaction]Detection of a carrier state in Theileria parva infected cattle using the polymerase chain reaction

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