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Background Dietary exposure to high levels of the fungal toxin, aflatoxin, occurs in West Africa, where long-term crop storage facilitates fungal growth. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in Benin and Togo to investigate aflatoxin exposure in children around the time of weaning and cor...


Gong, Y.Egal, S.Hounsa, A.Turner, P.C.Hall, A.J.Cardwell, K.F.Wild, C.P.[Determinants of aflatoxin exposure in young children from Benin and Togo, West Africa: the critical role of weaning]Determinants of aflatoxin exposure in young children from Benin and Togo, West Africa: the critical role of weaning

A survey of the sanitary quality, particularly concerning aflatoxin contamination and practices of the dried yam chips food sub-sector was carried out in Benin. Producers and intermediaries of the yam chips food production sub-sector were interviewed and samples collected. Aflatoxin content was a...


Mestres, C.Bassa, S.Fagbohoun, E.Nago, M.Hell, K.Vernier, PhilippeChampiat, D.Hounhouigan, J.Cardwell, K.F.[Yam chip food subsector: hazardous practices and presence of aflatoxins in Benin]Yam chip food subsector: hazardous practices and presence of aflatoxins in Benin

Mycotoxins are regulated in foods and feeds because of carcinogenic (aflatoxin), immunotoxic (deoxynivalenol), or environmental estrogenic (zearalenone) properties. In addition to having tumorigenic properties, many mycotoxins are antinutritional factors that cause unthrifty growth and immune sup...


Cardwell, K.F.[Mycotoxin contamination of foods in Africa: antinutritional factors]Mycotoxin contamination of foods in Africa: antinutritional factors

West African Aspergillus flavus S isolates differed from North American isolates. Both produced aflatoxin B1. However, 40 and 100% of West African isolates also produced aflatoxin G1 in NH4 medium and urea medium, respectively. No North American S strain isolate produced aflatoxin G1. This geogra...


Cotty, P.J.Cardwell, K.F.[Divergence of West African and North American communities of Aspergillus section flavi]Divergence of West African and North American communities of Aspergillus section flavi

Fungal incidence and mycotoxin contamination of farm-stored maize were assessed and compared in grain samples from three villages each in two agroecological zones over time. Maize samples were collected at 2 and 4 months after stocking from 72 farmers’ stores in 1996 and 1997 in the Humid Forest ...


Ngoko, Z.Marasas, W.F.O.Rheeder, J.P.Shephard, G.S.Wingfield, M.J.Cardwell, K.F.[Fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination of maize in the humid forest and the western highlands of Cameroon]Fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination of maize in the humid forest and the western highlands of Cameroon

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