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Chemotherapy is the single most important strategy for the control of trypanosomosis in African livestock. Trypanocidal drug resistance is a growing problem across much of sub-Saharan Africa and increasingly recognised as a major threat to livestock production. It is therefore of pressing importa...


Coleman, P.G.Eisler, M.C.McDermott, John J.Murphy, N.B.Majiwa, P.A.O.Peregrine, A.S.[Relative fitness in laboratory mice of drug resistant and drug-sensitive field isolates of Trypanosoma congolense]Relative fitness in laboratory mice of drug resistant and drug-sensitive field isolates of Trypanosoma congolense

The FAO/IAEA Trypanosomiasis Direct Antigen-ELISA kit has been distributed to scientists holding research contracts under an IAEA Co-ordinated Research Programme in 14 sub-Saharan African countries. It is intended for improved diagnosis of bovine tsetse-transmitted trypanosomiasis as an aid to e...


Eisler, M.C.Lessard, P.Moloo, D.Masake, R.A.Peregrine, A.S.[Sensitivity and specificity of antigen-capture ELISAs for diagnosis of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax infections in cattle]Sensitivity and specificity of antigen-capture ELISAs for diagnosis of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax infections in cattle

Tsetse-transmitted trypanosomosis affects cattle production over approximately 10 million km2 of Africa. In these areas, trypanocidal drugs, both prophylactic and curative, are the most widely used methods of trypanosomosis control. However, resistance of trypanosomes to the 3 trypanocidal drugs ...


McDermott, John J.Coleman, P.G.Eisler, M.C.Peregrine, A.S.[The effects of resistance to trypanocidal drugs on trypanosome transmission]The effects of resistance to trypanocidal drugs on trypanosome transmission

Isometamidium chloride is the most important chemoprophylactic agent used in the control of African bovine trypanosomiasis, although breakdowns in prophylaxis have been observed in the field. It is not usually apparent whether these breakdowns are due to inadequate drug dosage regimens, or to the...


Eisler, M.C.Maloo, S.H.Peregrine, A.S.Holmes, P.H.Thorpe, W.R.[Use of the isometamidium Elisa to measure serum concentrations of the drug in Jersey dairy cattle in Kenya]Use of the isometamidium Elisa to measure serum concentrations of the drug in Jersey dairy cattle in Kenya

A retrospective case–control study of human brucellosis in urban, peri-urban, and rural areas in Kampala, Uganda was undertaken to find the risks associated with the disease using the medical records of Mulago National Referral Hospital (Mulago Hospital). From the Brucella agglutination test (BAT...


Makita, K.Fèvre, Eric M.Waiswa, C.Kaboyo, W.Bronsvoort, B.M. de C.Eisler, M.C.Welburn, S.C.[Human brucellosis in urban and peri-urban areas of Kampala, Uganda]Human brucellosis in urban and peri-urban areas of Kampala, Uganda

Bovine trypanosomiasis caused by pathogenic trypanosomes, and cyclically transmitted by tsetse flies, is considered to be a major disease constraint to livestock production in sub-Saharan Africa, preventing full use of the land to feed the rapidly increasing human population. Privatisation of vet...


Machila, N.Eisler, M.C.Wanyangu, S.W.McDermott, John J.Welburn, S.C.Maudlin, I.[Cattle owners' perceptions of African bovine trypanosomiasis and its control in Busia and Kwale districts of Kenya]Cattle owners' perceptions of African bovine trypanosomiasis and its control in Busia and Kwale districts of Kenya

The extent and significance of trypanocidal drug resistance was investigated in priority areas of three East and Southern African Countries under a project. The project was built on the results of two previous projects. Existing methods currently available for the demonstration of drug-resistance...


Eisler, M.C.Ndung'u, J.M.Murilla, G.Mdachi, R.M.Mbwambo, H.Sinyangwe, L.Machila, N.Delespaux, V.Geerts, S.Brandt, J.Peregrine, A.S.McDermott, John J.Holmes, P.H.[Area-wide appraisal of drug resistance in trypanosomes infecting cattle in East and Southern Africa]Area-wide appraisal of drug resistance in trypanosomes infecting cattle in East and Southern Africa

To investigate the importance of trypanosomosis, resistance to trypanocidal drugs and the potential impact of integrated control measures on these factors, a 3-phase study was initiated. The first phase was a cross-sectional study in which tsetse apparent density, cattle trypanosome prevalence, t...


McDermott, John J.Sidibe, I.Bauer, B.Diarra, B.Clausen, P.H.Woitay, T.Ouédraogo, T.Kamuanga, M.Peregrine, A.S.Eisler, M.C.Mehlitz, D.[Field studies on the Development and impact of drug resistant animal trypanosomes in market oriented production systems in the Southern Guinean zone of West Africa]Field studies on the Development and impact of drug resistant animal trypanosomes in market oriented production systems in the Southern Guinean zone of West Africa

Isometamidium chloride (Samorin, Trypanidium is a phenanthridine-aromatic amidine that is commonly used in cattle as a prophylactic agent against trypanosomiasis. Although the compound has been used for over 30 years, very little is known about its mode of action. Various workers have demonstrate...


Peregrine, A.S.Eisler, M.C.Flynn, J.N.Katende, J.Gault, E.A.Kinabo, L.D.B.Homes, P.H.[Generation of monoclonal antibodies to the anti-trypanosomal drug Samorin]Generation of monoclonal antibodies to the anti-trypanosomal drug Samorin

Besides the in vitro test, two tests are very commonly used for the detection of trypanocidal drug resistance: the tests in mice and in ruminants. Since it has been shown that several parameters such as the number of trypanosomes inoculated and the time of treatment might influence the outcome of...


Geerts, S.Ndung'u, J.M.Murilla, G.Mbwambo, H.Sirryangwe, L.Machila, N.Delespaux, V.Brandt, J.Peregrine, A.S.McDermott, John J.Holmes, P.H.Eisler, M.C.[In vivo tests for the detection of resistance to trypanocidal drugs: Tests in mice and in ruminants]In vivo tests for the detection of resistance to trypanocidal drugs: Tests in mice and in ruminants

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