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Introduction Mycotoxin producing fungi contaminate feeds pre- or post harvest and produce aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2. Aflatoxin B1 is a class 1 human carcinogen and is converted to aflatoxin M1 by cows and secreted in milk. Aflatoxin M1 is a class 2B (possible) carcinogen and is associated with...
Kenya has the largest dairy herd and highest per capita milk consumption in east Africa. Kenya has also experienced multiple aflatoxicosis outbreaks in recent years, and several surveys have reported high levels of contamination in maize. When lactating cows consume feed which is contaminated wit...
Surveillance of diseases in Kenya and elsewhere in East Africa is currently carried out by both human and animal health sectors. However, a recent evaluation highlighted the lack of integration between these sectors, leading to disease under-reporting and inefficiencies. This project aimed to dev...
As part of a study to assess zoonotic milk-borne health risks, seasonal survey data and unpasteurized milk samples were collected between January 1999 and February 2000 from randomly selected informal milk market agents (220 and 236 samples in the dry and wet seasons, respectively) and from house...
The risk of infection by milk-borne brucellosis is one reason for public health regulations which discourage informal milk markets that sell unpasteurized milk. However, these regulations are not generally implemented in many developing countries. Kenya is a typical example, with over 85% of mil...
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