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The paper describes the changes in Costa Rican forest policy during the last 30 years from deforestation to payments of environmental services. The current services payment system based on forestry law of 1996 is described. The paper discusses positive and negative experiences of the current paym...


Myatt-Hirvonen, OKanninen, M.[Costa Rican metsät tuottavat ympäristöpalveluja [Finnish]]Costa Rican metsät tuottavat ympäristöpalveluja [Finnish]

Exotic tree species predominate in reforestation in tropical regions worldwide. However, some native species are suitable for plantations, providing a wider variety of products. Adequate government programs of incentives, coupled with good technical advice to farmers, are needed to stimulate refo...


Piotto, D.Montagnini, F.Ugalde, L.Kanninen, M.[Performance of forest plantations in small and medium-sized farms in the Atlantic lowlands of Costa Rica]Performance of forest plantations in small and medium-sized farms in the Atlantic lowlands of Costa Rica

Reforestation efforts are being promoted throughout the humid tropics in response to increased areas of deforested and abandoned or degraded lands. Farmers need technical information on species performance, plantation design and management in order to make appropriate choices of species and silvi...


Piotto, D.Montagnini, F.Ugalde, L.Kanninen, M.[Growth and effects of thinning of mixed and pure plantations with native trees in humid tropical Costa Rica]Growth and effects of thinning of mixed and pure plantations with native trees in humid tropical Costa Rica

The paper describes the Version 2 of the CO2FIX (CO2FIX V.2) model, a user-friendly tool for dynamically estimating the carbon sequestration potential of forest management, agroforesty and afforestation projects. CO2FIX V.2 is a multi-cohort ecosystem-level model based on carbon accounting of for...


Masera, O.R.Garza-Caligaris, J.F.Kanninen, M.Karjalainen, T.Liski, J.Nabuurs, G.J.Pussinen, A.Jong, B.H.J. deMohren, G.M.J.[Modelling carbon sequestration in afforestation and forest magement projects: the CO2FIX V 2.0 approach]Modelling carbon sequestration in afforestation and forest magement projects: the CO2FIX V 2.0 approach

In total 60 plots of approximately 80 trees each (including missing trees) were measured, with ages between 1 and 26 years. The main objective of this study was to develop intensive management scenarios for B. quinata plantations in Costa Rica to ensure high yielding of timber wood. The scenarios...


Pérez Cordero, L.D.Kanninen, M.Ugalde Arias, Luis A.[Stand growth scenarios for Bombacopsis quinata plantations in Costa Rica]Stand growth scenarios for Bombacopsis quinata plantations in Costa Rica

There are few studies on biomass distribution for Tectona grandis plantations in Costa Rica. This paper reports the distribution of total aboveground biomass of T. grandis and its relationship with diameter at breast height (dbh), age and stand density in plantations across Costa Rica. Foliage, b...


Pérez Cordero, L.D.Kanninen, M.[Aboveground biomass of Tectona grandis plantations in Costa Rica]Aboveground biomass of Tectona grandis plantations in Costa Rica

The aim of this study was to develop equations which best predict individual-tree total volume and mercahntable volume for T. grandis in Costa Rica. A total of 112 trees with ages between 2 and 47 years and breast height diameter (dbh) between 2.4 and 58.7 cm were felled for stem analysis. Linear...


Pérez Cordero, L.D.Kanninen, M.[Provisional equations for estimating total and merchantable volume of Tectona grandis trees in Costa Rica]Provisional equations for estimating total and merchantable volume of Tectona grandis trees in Costa Rica
Mery, G.Alfaro, R.I.Kanninen, M.Lobovikov, M.[Changing paradigms in forestry: repercussions for people and nature]Changing paradigms in forestry: repercussions for people and nature

Under natural resource ecosystems shared across communities and nations, the distribution among stakeholders of risks and vulnerability to climate change is likely to be uneven on account of the nature of their stakes in the ecosystems, the degree of their dependence and the extent of degradation...


Nkem, J.Idinoba, M.Santoso, H.Pérez, C.J.Forner, C.Locatelli, BrunoKanninen, M.[Prioritisation for Adaptation in Tropical Forest Ecosystems]Prioritisation for Adaptation in Tropical Forest Ecosystems

Allometric models for dominant shade tree species and coffee plants (Coffea arabica) were developed for coffee agroforestry systems in Matagalpa, Nicaragua. The studied shade tree species were Cordia alliodora, Juglans olanchana, Inga tonduzzi and I. punctata. The models predict aboveground bioma...


Segura, M.Kanninen, M.Suarez, D.[Allometric models for estimating aboveground biomass of shade trees and coffee bushes grown together]Allometric models for estimating aboveground biomass of shade trees and coffee bushes grown together

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