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The aim was to identify biological and physical factors responsible for reducing maize yield in Cameroon. Two surveys were conducted in 137 fields in two agroecological zones in 1995–1997. In the Humid Forest (HF), Bipolaris maydis, Stenocarpella macrospora, Puccinia polysora, Rhizoctonia solani ...


Ngoko, Z.Cardwell, K.Marasas, W.F.O.Wingfield, M.Ndemah, R.Schulthess, F.[Biological and physical contraints on maize production in the Humid Forest and Western Highlands of Cameroon]Biological and physical contraints on maize production in the Humid Forest and Western Highlands of Cameroon

Mycotoxins have both economic and health impacts because they contaminate human food and animal feeds. A central question is whether there are food processing strategies that reduce mycotoxin levels in food products. In this chapter we critically review food processing methods tested in Africa fo...


Fandohan, P.Hell, K.Marasas, W.F.O.[Food processing to reduce mycotoxins in Africa]Food processing to reduce mycotoxins in Africa

Four storage systems of maize commonly used by farmers in Benin, West Africa, were tested to determine their impact on infection of maize by Fusarium and subsequent contamination with fumonisins. The study showed that Fusarium incidence was significantly higher when maize was stored on a cemented...


Fandohan, P.Gnonlonfin, G.J.B.Hell, K.Marasas, W.F.O.Wingfield, M.[Impact of indigenous storage systems and insect infestation on the contamination of maize with fumonisin]Impact of indigenous storage systems and insect infestation on the contamination of maize with fumonisin

The natural occurrence of Fusarium and fumonisin contamination was evaluated from 1999 to 2003 in both preharvest and stored maize produced by small-scale farmers in four agroecological zones of Benin. Mycological analyses revealed a predominance of both Fusarium and Aspergillus in maize samples ...


Fandohan, P.Gnonlonfin, G.J.B.Hell, K.Marasas, W.F.O.Wingfield, M.J.[Natural occurrence of Fusarium and subsequent fumonisin contamination in preharvest and stored maize in Benin, West Africa]Natural occurrence of Fusarium and subsequent fumonisin contamination in preharvest and stored maize in Benin, West Africa

Essential oils extracted by hydrodistillation from local plants in Benin, western Africa, and oil from seeds of the neem tree (Azadirachta indica) were evaluated in vitro and in vivo for their efficacy against Fusarium verticillioides infection and fumonisin contamination. Fumonisin in corn was q...


Fandohan, P.Gbenou, J.D.Gnonlonfin, G.J.B.Hell, K.Marasas, W.F.O.Wingfield, M.J.[Effect of essential oils on the growth of Fusarium verticillioides and Fumonisin contamination in corn]Effect of essential oils on the growth of Fusarium verticillioides and Fumonisin contamination in corn

The fate of aflatoxins and fumonisins, two mycotoxins that cooccur in maize, was studied through the traditional processing of naturally contaminated maize in mawe, makume, ogi, akassa, and owo, maize-based foods common in Benin, West Africa. Levels of total aflatoxin and fumonisin were measured ...


Fandohan, P.Zoumenou, D.Hounhouigan, D.J.Marasas, W.F.O.Wingfield, M.J.Hell, K.[Fate of aflatoxins and fumonisins during the processing of maize into food products in Benin]Fate of aflatoxins and fumonisins during the processing of maize into food products in Benin

Fungal incidence and mycotoxin contamination of farm-stored maize were assessed and compared in grain samples from three villages each in two agroecological zones over time. Maize samples were collected at 2 and 4 months after stocking from 72 farmers’ stores in 1996 and 1997 in the Humid Forest ...


Ngoko, Z.Marasas, W.F.O.Rheeder, J.P.Shephard, G.S.Wingfield, M.J.Cardwell, K.F.[Fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination of maize in the humid forest and the western highlands of Cameroon]Fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination of maize in the humid forest and the western highlands of Cameroon

Fusarium is one of the major fungal genera associated with maize in Africa. This genus comprises several toxigenic species including F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum, which are the most prolific producers of fumonisins. The fumonisins are a group of economically important mycotoxins and ver...


Fandohan, P.Hell, K.Marasas, W.F.O.Wingfield, M.J.[Infection of maize by Fusarium species and contamination with fumonisin in Africa]Infection of maize by Fusarium species and contamination with fumonisin in Africa

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