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Despite policies to discourage them, informal milk markets account for over 80% of milk sales in most sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Informal milk market agents include farmer dairy co-operatives, small traders using bicycles and public or private transport and small retail outlets, such as...


Omore, Amos O.McDermott, John J.Staal, Steven J.Arimi, S.M.Kang'ethe, Erastus K.Ouma, Emily A.[Analysis of public health risks from consumption of informally marketed milk in sub-Saharan African countries]Analysis of public health risks from consumption of informally marketed milk in sub-Saharan African countries

Tick-borne diseases are considered a major constraint to dairy farming among the smallholder dairy farms in Kenya, which account for an estimated 75-90% of all milk produced in the country. The most important tick-borne disease in Kenya is East Coast fever (ECF) caused by Theileria parva and tran...


Gitau, G.K.McDermott, John J.Katende, J.M.O'Callaghan, C.J.Perry, Brian D.[Differences in the epidemiology of theileriosis on smallholder dairy farms in contrasting agro-ecological and grazing strata of highland Kenya]Differences in the epidemiology of theileriosis on smallholder dairy farms in contrasting agro-ecological and grazing strata of highland Kenya
Perry, Brian D.Kalpravidh, W.Benigno, C.Coleman, P.G.Horst, H.S.McDermott, John J.Randolph, Thomas F.Rivera, H.Guerrero, R.Gleeson, L.J.[Determining the economic impact of FMD control and eradication: A series of case studies. Poster abstract]Determining the economic impact of FMD control and eradication: A series of case studies. Poster abstract

Heartwater is a tick-borne disease of cattle, sheep and goats and some wild ruminants prevalent in much of Africa and the Caribbean. It is caused by the rickettsial organism Cowdria ruminantium and transmitted by ticks of the genus Amblyomma. The disease has traditionally been controlled by the u...


Minjauw, B.Kruska, R.L.Odero, A.Randolph, Thomas F.McDermott, John J.Mahan, S.M.Perry, Brian D.[Economic impact assessment of Cowdria ruminantium infection and its control in Southern Africa]Economic impact assessment of Cowdria ruminantium infection and its control in Southern Africa

This paper considers entomological and epidemiological criteria for establishing the absence of tsetse and trypanosomosis associated with tsetse eradication programmes. The sampling goal is simple - to maximize the probability of detecting tsetse flies in the field or trypanosomes in hosts, if th...


McDermott, John J.[Evidence required for establishing the absence of tsetse and trypanosomosis associated with tsetse eradication programmes]Evidence required for establishing the absence of tsetse and trypanosomosis associated with tsetse eradication programmes

East Coast Fever (ECF) is a major risk and constraint to the smallholder dairy sector in Kenya. The effects of ECF can be largely controlled by the use of acaricides, animal husbandry measures, and potentially through immunisation. In Kenya, some smallholder dairy farmers apply one or more of the...


Leneman, J.M.McDermott, John J.Okuthe, O.S.Randolph, Thomas F.[Farmers' perceptions of East Coast fever risk and adoption of control strategies in Kenya]Farmers' perceptions of East Coast fever risk and adoption of control strategies in Kenya

To investigate the importance of trypanosomosis, resistance to trypanocidal drugs and the potential impact of integrated control measures on these factors, a 3-phase study was initiated. The first phase was a cross-sectional study in which tsetse apparent density, cattle trypanosome prevalence, t...


McDermott, John J.Sidibe, I.Bauer, B.Diarra, B.Clausen, P.H.Woitay, T.Ouédraogo, T.Kamuanga, M.Peregrine, A.S.Eisler, M.C.Mehlitz, D.[Field studies on the Development and impact of drug resistant animal trypanosomes in market oriented production systems in the Southern Guinean zone of West Africa]Field studies on the Development and impact of drug resistant animal trypanosomes in market oriented production systems in the Southern Guinean zone of West Africa

Animal diseases have a major impact on crop-livestock systems in West Africa. The productivity of all crop-livestock systems is limited both by the direct effects of overt disease and by strategies that are adopted to mitigate disease risk. Epidemic diseases require substantial expenditures to li...


McDermott, John J.Richard, D.Randolph, Thomas F.[Incidence of animal diseases and their current and future impacts on crop-livestock systems in West africa]Incidence of animal diseases and their current and future impacts on crop-livestock systems in West africa

Besides the in vitro test, two tests are very commonly used for the detection of trypanocidal drug resistance: the tests in mice and in ruminants. Since it has been shown that several parameters such as the number of trypanosomes inoculated and the time of treatment might influence the outcome of...


Geerts, S.Ndung'u, J.M.Murilla, G.Mbwambo, H.Sirryangwe, L.Machila, N.Delespaux, V.Brandt, J.Peregrine, A.S.McDermott, John J.Holmes, P.H.Eisler, M.C.[In vivo tests for the detection of resistance to trypanocidal drugs: Tests in mice and in ruminants]In vivo tests for the detection of resistance to trypanocidal drugs: Tests in mice and in ruminants

Tsetse-transmitted trypanosomosis is regarded as the most debilitating livestock disease in sub-Saharan Africa, responsible for annual economic losses of over US$1.3 billion. To date, however, all economic impact assessments of trypanosomosis have excluded the public health burden of the disease....


Odiit, M.Coleman, P.G.Fèvre, Eric M.Magona, J.McDermott, John J.[Incorporating the burden of human sleeping sickness in an economic impact assessment of trypanosomiasis]Incorporating the burden of human sleeping sickness in an economic impact assessment of trypanosomiasis

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