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Background Rhipicephalus appendiculatus is the primary vector of Theileria parva, the etiological agent of East Coast fever (ECF), a devastating disease of cattle in sub-Saharan Africa. We hypothesized that a vaccine targeting tick proteins that are involved in attachment and feeding might affect...


Olds, Cassandra L.Mwaura, S.Odongo, David O.Scoles, Glen A.Bishop, R.Daubenberger, C.A.[Induction of humoral immune response to multiple recombinant Rhipicephalus appendiculatus antigens and their effect on tick feeding success and pathogen transmission]Induction of humoral immune response to multiple recombinant Rhipicephalus appendiculatus antigens and their effect on tick feeding success and pathogen transmission

Githaka, Naftaly W.Mwaura, S.Nene, Vishvanath[ILRI Tick Unit: Local research with global impact]ILRI Tick Unit: Local research with global impact

We describe the generation of an auto-annotated index of genes that are expressed in the salivary glands of four-day fed female adult Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks. A total of 9162 EST sequences were derived from an uninfected tick cDNA library and 9844 ESTs were from a cDNA library from tic...


Nene, VishvanathLee, D.Kang'a, S.Skilton, Robert A.Shah, TushaarVilliers, Etienne P. deMwaura, S.Taylor, D.Quackenbush, J.Bishop, Richard P.[Genes transcribed in the salivary glands of female Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks infected with Theileria parva]Genes transcribed in the salivary glands of female Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks infected with Theileria parva

The transcriptional control of gene expression is not well documented in the Arthropoda. We describe transcriptional analysis of two exceptionally divergent homologues (Ra86) of the Bm86 gut antigen from Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. Bm86 forms the basis of a commercial vaccine for the control of...


Kamau, L.Skilton, Robert A.Odongo, David O.Mwaura, S.Githaka, Naftaly W.Kanduma, E.G.Obura, M.Kabiru, E.Orago, A.Musoke, A.J.Bishop, Richard P.[Differential transcription of two highly divergent gut-expressed Bm86 antigen gene homologues in the tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (Acari: Ixodida)]Differential transcription of two highly divergent gut-expressed Bm86 antigen gene homologues in the tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (Acari: Ixodida)

Background The ixodid tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus transmits the apicomplexan protozoan parasite Theileria parva,which causes East coast fever (ECF), the most economically important cattle disease in eastern and southern Africa. Recent analysis of micro- and minisatellite markers showed an a...


Kanduma, E.G.Mwacharo, Joram M.Githaka, Naftaly W.Kinyanjui, P.W.Njuguna, J.Kamau, L.M.Kariuki, E.Mwaura, S.Skilton, Robert A.Bishop, Richard P.[Analyses of mitochondrial genes reveal two sympatric but genetically divergent lineages of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus in Kenya]Analyses of mitochondrial genes reveal two sympatric but genetically divergent lineages of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus in Kenya

There are no commercially available vaccines against human protozoan parasitic diseases, despite the success of vaccination-induced long-term protection against infectious diseases. East Coast fever, caused by the protist Theileria parva, kills one million cattle each year in sub-Saharan Africa, ...


Norling, M.Bishop, Richard P.Pelle, RogerWeihong QiHenson, S.Drábek, E.F.Tretina, K.Odongo, D.Mwaura, S.Njoroge, T.Bongcam-Rudloff, E.Daubenberger, C.A.Silva, J.C.[The genomes of three stocks comprising the most widely utilized live sporozoite Theileria parva vaccine exhibit very different degrees and patterns of sequence divergence]The genomes of three stocks comprising the most widely utilized live sporozoite Theileria parva vaccine exhibit very different degrees and patterns of sequence divergence

The tick population of Africa includes several important genera belonging to the family Ixodidae. Many of these ticks are vectors of protozoan and rickettsial pathogens including Theileria parva that causes East Coast fever, a debilitating cattle disease endemic to eastern, central and southern A...


Rothen, J.Githaka, Naftaly W.Kanduma, E.G.Olds, Cassandra L.Pflueger, V.Mwaura, S.Bishop, Richard P.Daubenberger, C.A.[Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry for comprehensive indexing of East African Ixodid tick species]Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry for comprehensive indexing of East African Ixodid tick species

Integrative management of wildlife and livestock requires a clear understanding of the diseases transmitted between the two populations. The tick-borne protozoan parasite Theileria parva causes two distinct diseases in cattle, East Coast fever and Corridor disease, following infection with parasi...


Sitt, T.Poole, Elizabeth J.Ndambuki, Gideon M.Mwaura, S.Njoroge, T.Omondi, G.P.Mutinda, M.Mathenge, J.Prettejohn, G.Morrison, W. IvanToye, Philip G.[Exposure of vaccinated and naive cattle to natural challenge from buffalo-derived Theileria parva]Exposure of vaccinated and naive cattle to natural challenge from buffalo-derived Theileria parva

The Infection and Treatment Method (ITM) of vaccination against the apicomplexan parasite Theileria parva has been used since the early 1970s and is still the only commercially available vaccine to combat the fatal bovine disease, East Coast fever (ECF). The disease is tick-transmitted and result...


Patel, EktaMwaura, S.Kiara, Henry K.Morzaria, S.P.Peters, A.Toye, Philip G.[Production and dose determination of the Infection and Treatment Method (ITM) Muguga cocktail vaccine used to control East Coast fever in cattle]Production and dose determination of the Infection and Treatment Method (ITM) Muguga cocktail vaccine used to control East Coast fever in cattle

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