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During the Africa-wide Biological Control project, the neotropical parasitoid Epidinocarsis lopezi (De Santis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was established in 26 African countries, causing a satisfactory reduction in the population density of the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti Mat.-Ferr. (Hom...


Neuenschwander, P.[Control of the cassava mealybug in Africa: lessons from a biological control project]Control of the cassava mealybug in Africa: lessons from a biological control project

The spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus Russell (Hom., Aleyrodidae), a native of Central America, was found in continental Africa for the first time early in 1992, and has since spread to five West and Central African countries. It is a polyphagous pest which causes substantial damage also...


Neuenschwander, P.[Spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus, a recent invader and new cassava pest]Spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus, a recent invader and new cassava pest
Neuenschwander, P.Langewald, J.Borgemeister, C.James, B.[Biological control for increased agricultural productivity, poverty reduction and environmental protection in Africa]Biological control for increased agricultural productivity, poverty reduction and environmental protection in Africa

1. A unified ratio-dependent supply-demand driven tritrophic model of the cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) system was compared to field data, and then used to explore the basis for the successful control of cassava mealybug (CM, Phenacoccus manihoti Mat.-Ferr.) in Africa by the exotic parasitoi...


Gutiérrez, A.Neuenschwander, P.Alphen, J. van[Factors affecting biological control of cassava mealybug by exotic parasitoids: a ratio dependent supply demand driven model]Factors affecting biological control of cassava mealybug by exotic parasitoids: a ratio dependent supply demand driven model

Population data concerning the cassava mealybug (CM) Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero, the introduced parasitoid Epidinocarsis lopezi (De Santis), and indigenous antagonists were collected, together with ecological and plant growth variables, during a survey of 414 fields covering all ecologic...


Neuenschwander, P.Hammond, W.Ajuonu, O.Gado, A.Echendu, N.Bokonon-Ganta, A.H.Allomasso, R.Okon, I.[Biological control of the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti (Hom., Pseudococcidae) by Epidinocarsis lopezi (Hym., Encyrtidae) in West Africa, as influenced by climate and soil]Biological control of the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti (Hom., Pseudococcidae) by Epidinocarsis lopezi (Hym., Encyrtidae) in West Africa, as influenced by climate and soil

Among several natural enemies introduced to combat the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae), the neotropical parasitoid Apoanagyrus (Epidinocarsis) lopezi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was the most successful. It established in 26 African countries, causing a satisfactor...


Neuenschwander, P.[Biological control of the cassava mealybug in Africa: a review]Biological control of the cassava mealybug in Africa: a review

In surveys of cassava fields in the coastal savanna and rain forest zones of Ghana, eight species of ants, mostly in the genera Camponotus, Crematogaster and Pheidole (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), were found attending cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero. Ant densities were much hig...


Cudjoe, A.Neuenschwander, P.Copland, M.[Interference by ants in biological control of the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Ghana]Interference by ants in biological control of the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Ghana
Goergen, Georg E.Ajuonu, O.Kyofa-Boamah, M.E.Umeh, V.Bokonon-Ganta, A.H.Tamo, M.Neuenschwander, P.[Classical biological control of Papaya mealybug in West Africa]Classical biological control of Papaya mealybug in West Africa

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