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From 1985 to 1989 five large scale surveys were made to document the spread of the cassava mealybug (CM) Phenacoccus manihoti Matile‐Ferrero (Hom., Pseudococcidae) and the releases and successful establishment of its exotic parasitoid Epidinocarsis lopezi (De Santis) (Hym., Encyrtidae) through mo...


Neuenschwander, P.Borowka, R.Phiri, G.Hammans, H.Nyirenda, S.Kapeya, E.H.Gadabu, A.[Biological control of the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti (Hom., Pseudococcidae), by Epidinocarsis lopezi (Hym., Encyrtidae) in Malawi]Biological control of the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti (Hom., Pseudococcidae), by Epidinocarsis lopezi (Hym., Encyrtidae) in Malawi

The efficiency of natural enemies, especially the exotic parasitoid Epidinocarsis lopezi (De Santis) and the indigenous predator Exochomus troberti Mulsant, in reducing populations of the cassava mealybug (CM), Phenacoccus manihoti Mat.‐Ferr., was studied through exclusion experiments. In the phy...


Cudjoe, A.R.Neuenschwander, P.Copland, M.J.W.[Experimental determination of the efficiency of indigenous and exotic natural enemies of the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Mat. Ferr. (Hom., Pseudococcidae), in Ghana]Experimental determination of the efficiency of indigenous and exotic natural enemies of the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Mat. Ferr. (Hom., Pseudococcidae), in Ghana

During the past six years, the South-American encyrtid wasp Epidinocarsis lopezi (De Santis) was released from the ground and from the air in about 100 areas in Africa for the biological control of the cassava mealybug (CM) Phenacoccus manihoti Mat.-Ferr. It was established in all release sites a...


Neuenschwander, P.Haug, T.Ajounu, O.Davis, H.Akinwumi, B.Madojemu, E.[Quality requirements in natural enemies used for inoculative release: practical experience from a successful biological control programme]Quality requirements in natural enemies used for inoculative release: practical experience from a successful biological control programme

The capability of Epidinocarsis lopezi (De Santis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) to control the cassava mealybug (CM) Phenacoccus manihoti Mat.-Ferr. (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) was investigated in Nigeria using physical and chemical exclusion experiments. In two sleeve cage experiments CM population...


Neuenschwander, P.Schulthess, F.Madojemu, E.[Experimental evaluation of the efficiency of Epidinocarsis lopezi, a parasitoid introduced into Africa against the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti]Experimental evaluation of the efficiency of Epidinocarsis lopezi, a parasitoid introduced into Africa against the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti

Cassava mealybugs (CM) of different stages, which had been stung by an E. lopezi female, were inspected after 6 and 20 days. The killing power of the parasitoid was several times higher than the production of parasitoid off-spring. Host-feeding and mutilation were responsible for 6-22% and 11-34%...


Neuenschwander, P.Madojemu, E.[Mortality of the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti Mat.-Ferr.(Hom., Pseudococcidea) associated with an attack by Epidinocarsis lopezi (Hym., Encyrtidae)]Mortality of the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti Mat.-Ferr.(Hom., Pseudococcidea) associated with an attack by Epidinocarsis lopezi (Hym., Encyrtidae)

Techniques for evaluating biological control of cassava mealybug (Phenacoccusmanihoti Matile-Ferrero), mango mealybug (Rastrococcus invadens Williams), and spiralling whitefly (Aleurodicus dispersus Russell) are described. In each case, two exotic hymenopterous parasitoids were introduced. Alone ...


Neuenschwander, P.[Evaluating the efficacy of biological control of three of three exotic homopteran pests in Tropical Africa]Evaluating the efficacy of biological control of three of three exotic homopteran pests in Tropical Africa

In uninfested fields, 80 cassava tips were artificially infested with 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, or 64 third instars, and 20 or 100 eggs of cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile‐Ferrero (Hom., Pseudococcidae). Another 80 uninfested tips served as a control. Tips were arranged in a circle of 2...


Neuenschwander, P.Ajuonu, O.[Measuring host finding capacity and arrestment of natural enemies of the cassava mealbug, Phenacoccus manihoti, in the field]Measuring host finding capacity and arrestment of natural enemies of the cassava mealbug, Phenacoccus manihoti, in the field
Neuenschwander, P.Zweigert, M.[Biological control of cassava mealybug and green spider mitie in eastern and southern Africa]Biological control of cassava mealybug and green spider mitie in eastern and southern Africa

The biology and behaviour of the signiphorid Chartocerus hyaipennis (HAYAT) were studied in the laboratory on Epidinocarsis lopezi (DE SANTlS), a parasitoid of the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti MATlLE-FERRERO. Only mummified secondary hosts, i.e. mealybugs, were accepted for ovi-position....


Goergen, Georg E.Neuenschwander, P.[Chartocerus hyalipennis (Hayat) (Hym: Signiphoridae), a gregarious hyperparasitoid on mealybugs (Hom.: pseudococcidae): biology and host range in west Africa]Chartocerus hyalipennis (Hayat) (Hym: Signiphoridae), a gregarious hyperparasitoid on mealybugs (Hom.: pseudococcidae): biology and host range in west Africa

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