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Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is an intracellular bacterium that overcomes host immune system barriers for successful infection. The bacterium colonizes the proximal small intestine, penetrates the epithelial layer, and is engulfed by macrophages and neutrophils. Intrac...


Pardo-Esté, C.Hidalgo, A.A.Aguirre, C.Inostroza, A.Briones, A.C.Cabezas, C.E.Castro-Severyn, J.Fuentes, J.A.Opazo, C.M.Riedel, C.A.Otero, C.Pacheco, R.Valvano, M.A.Saavedra, C.P.[The ArcAB two-component regulatory system promotes resistance to reactive oxygen species and systemic infection by Salmonella Typhimurium]The ArcAB two-component regulatory system promotes resistance to reactive oxygen species and systemic infection by Salmonella Typhimurium

Heme Oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction that degrades the heme group contained in several important proteins, such as hemoglobin, myoglobin, and cytochrome p450. The enzymatic reaction catalyzed by HMOX1 generates Fe2+, biliverdin and CO. It has been shown that HMOX1 act...


Sebastián, V.P.Salazar, G.A.Coronado-Arrázola, I.Schultz, B.M.Vallejos, O.P.Berkowitz, L.Álvarez-Lobos, M.M.Riedel, C.A.Kalergis, A.M.Bueno, S.M.[Heme oxygenase-1 as a modulator of intestinal inflammation development and progression]Heme oxygenase-1 as a modulator of intestinal inflammation development and progression

Human Respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are the two major etiological viral agents of lower respiratory tract diseases, affecting mainly infants, young children and the elderly. Although the infection of both viruses trigger an antiviral immune response that medi...


González, A.E.Lay, M.K.Jara, E.L.Espinoza, J.A.Gómez, R.S.Soto, J.Rivera, C.A.Abarca, K.Bueno, S.M.Riedel, C.A.Kalergis, A.M.[Aberrant T cell immunity triggered by human respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infection]Aberrant T cell immunity triggered by human respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infection

The Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) and high rates of hospitalizations in children and in the elderly worldwide. Symptoms of hRSV infection include bronchiolitis and pneumonia. The lung pathology observed during hRSV in...


Canedo-Marroquín, G.Acevedo-Acevedo, O.Rey-Jurado, E.Saavedra, J.M.Lay, M.K.Bueno, S.M.Riedel, C.A.Kalergis, A.M.[Modulation of Host Immunity by Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Virulence Factors: A Synergic Inhibition of Both Innate and Adaptive Immunity]Modulation of Host Immunity by Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Virulence Factors: A Synergic Inhibition of Both Innate and Adaptive Immunity

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is a Gram-negative bacterium that produces disease in numerous hosts. In mice, oral inoculation is followed by intestinal colonization and subsequent systemic dissemination, which leads to severe pathogenesis without the activation of an ef...


Salazar, G.A.Peñaloza, H.F.Pardo-Roa, C.Schultz, B.M.Muñoz-Durango, N.Gómez, R.S.Salazar, F.J.Pizarro, D.P.Riedel, C.A.González, P.A.Alvarez-Lobos, M.Kalergis, A.M.Bueno, S.M.[Interleukin-10 Production by T and B Cells Is a Key Factor to Promote Systemic Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Infection in Mice]Interleukin-10 Production by T and B Cells Is a Key Factor to Promote Systemic Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Infection in Mice

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is one of the most important anti-inflammatory cytokine produced during bacterial infection. Two related phenomena explain the importance of IL-10 production in this context: first, the wide range of cells able to produce this cytokine and second, the wide effects that it c...


Peñaloza, H.F.Noguera, L.P.Riedel, C.A.Bueno, S.M.[Expanding the current knowledge about the role of interleukin-10 to major concerning bacteria]Expanding the current knowledge about the role of interleukin-10 to major concerning bacteria

The human body is colonized by millions of microorganisms named microbiota that interact with our tissues in a cooperative and non-pathogenic manner. These microorganisms are present in the skin, gut, nasal, oral cavities, and genital tract. In fact, it has been described that the microbiota cont...


Opazo, M.C.Ortega-Rocha, E.M.Coronado-Arrázola, I.Bonifaz, L.C.Boudin, H.Neunlist, M.Bueno, S.M.Kalergis, A.M.Riedel, C.A.[Intestinal microbiota influences non-intestinal related autoimmune diseases]Intestinal microbiota influences non-intestinal related autoimmune diseases

Vaccines have significantly reduced the detrimental effects of numerous human infectious diseases worldwide, helped to reduce drastically child mortality rates and even achieved eradication of major pathogens, such as smallpox. These achievements have been possible due to a dedicated effort for v...


Rey-Jurado, E.Tapia, F.Muñoz-Durango, N.Lay, M.K.Carreño, L.J.Riedel, C.A.Bueno, S.M.Genzel, Y.Kalergis, A.M.[Assessing the importance of domestic vaccine manufacturing centers: An overview of immunization programs, vaccine manufacture, and distribution]Assessing the importance of domestic vaccine manufacturing centers: An overview of immunization programs, vaccine manufacture, and distribution

Hypothyroxinemia (Hpx) is a thyroid hormone deficiency (THD) condition highly frequent during pregnancy, which although asymptomatic for the mother, it can impair the cognitive function of the offspring. Previous studies have shown that maternal hypothyroidism increases the severity of experiment...


Haensgen, H.Albornoz, E.Opazo, M.C.Bugueño, K.Jara Fernández, E.L.Binzberger, R.Rivero-Castillo, T.Venegas Salas, L.F.Simon, F.Cabello-Verrugio, C.Elorza, A.A.Kalergis, A.M.Bueno, S.M.Riedel, C.A.[Gestational hypothyroxinemia affects its offspring with a reduced suppressive capacity impairing the outcome of the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis]Gestational hypothyroxinemia affects its offspring with a reduced suppressive capacity impairing the outcome of the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Chronic intestinal inflammations are triggered by genetic and environmental components. However, it remains unclear how specific changes in the microbiota, host immunity, or pathogen exposure could promote the onset and exacerbation of these diseases. Here, we evaluated whether Salmonella enteric...


Schultz, B.M.Salazar, G.A.Paduro, C.A.Pardo-Roa, C.Pizarro, D.P.Salazar-Echegarai, F.J.Torres, J.Riedel, C.A.Kalergis, A.M.Alvarez-Lobos, M.M.Bueno, S.M.[Persistent Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection increases the susceptibility of mice to develop intestinal inflammation]Persistent Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection increases the susceptibility of mice to develop intestinal inflammation

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