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Climate variability is a major source of risk to smallholder farmers and pastoralists, particularly in dryland regions. A growing body of evidence links climate-related risk to the extent and the persistence of rural poverty in these environments. Stochastic shocks erode smallholder farmers' long...


Hansen, JamesHellin, JonRosenstock, Todd S.Fisher, EleanorCairns, Jill E.Stirling, Clare M.Lamanna, ChristineEtten, Jacob vanRose, AlisonCampbell, Bruce M.[Climate risk management and rural poverty reduction]Climate risk management and rural poverty reduction

What is and what is not climate-smart agriculture (CSA)? That existential question sparks debate, complicates implementation and fractures the development community. Many institutions are developing 4-10 page ‘technical briefs’ describing the ‘climate-smartness’ of interventions (ie, the impact o...


Rosenstock, Todd S.Lamanna, ChristineThierfelder, Christian[Conservation agriculture in East and Southern Africa main messages]Conservation agriculture in East and Southern Africa main messages

What is and what is not climate-smart agriculture (CSA)? That existential question sparks debate, complicates implementation and fractures the development community. Many institutions are developing 4-10 page ‘technical briefs’ describing the ‘climate-smartness’ of interventions (ie, the impact o...


Lamanna, ChristineRosenstock, Todd S.[Climate Smart Agriculture in Tanzania main messages]Climate Smart Agriculture in Tanzania main messages

Large scale investment is needed to create climate-smart agriculture (CSA) systems. While many government and development agencies are integrating CSA into their policies, programmes, plans and projects, there is little guidance for operational planning and implementation on ways to be climate-sm...


Rosenstock, Todd S.Girvetz, Evan H.Corner-Dolloff, CaitlinLamanna, Christine[‘CSA Plan’: A guide to scaling climate-smart agriculture - Concepts and lessons from designing CSA programs and policies in sub-Saharan Africa]‘CSA Plan’: A guide to scaling climate-smart agriculture - Concepts and lessons from designing CSA programs and policies in sub-Saharan Africa

Landscape scale quantification enables farmers to pool resources and expertise. However, the problem remains of how to quantify these gains. This article considers current greenhouse gas (GHG) quantification methods that can be used in a landscape scale analysis in terms of relevance to areas dom...


Milne, ENeufeldt, HenryRosenstock, Todd S.Smalligan, MCerri, Carlos EduardoMalin, DaniellaEaster, M.Bernoux, MartialOgle, Stephen M.Casarim, FPearson, TBird, D.N.Steglish, EOstwald, MDenef, KPaustian, Keith[Methods for the quantification of GHG emissions at the landscape level for developing countries in smallholder contexts]Methods for the quantification of GHG emissions at the landscape level for developing countries in smallholder contexts

Human activities and their relation with land, through agriculture and forestry, are significantly impacting Earth system functioning. Specifically, agriculture has increasingly become a key sector for adaptation and mitigation initiatives that address climate change and help ensure food security...


Loboguerrero Rodriguez, Ana MaríaCampbell, Bruce M.Cooper, Peter J.M.Hansen, JamesRosenstock, Todd S.Wollenberg, Eva K.[Food and Earth Systems: Priorities for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation for Agriculture and Food Systems]Food and Earth Systems: Priorities for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation for Agriculture and Food Systems

Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is increasingly seen as a promising approach to feed the growing world population under climate change. The review explored how institutional perspectives are reflected in the CSA literature. In total, 137 publications were analyzed using institutional analysis fra...


Totin, EdmondSegnon, Alcade CSchut, MarcAffognon, Hippolyte D.Zougmoré, Robert B.Rosenstock, Todd S.Thornton, Philip K.[Institutional Perspectives of Climate-Smart Agriculture: A Systematic Literature Review]Institutional Perspectives of Climate-Smart Agriculture: A Systematic Literature Review

International discussions on climate change increasingly recognize the importance of agriculture in adaptation and mitigation efforts. Adaptation has been generally prioritized in the most vulnerable countries, where a failure to adapt can constitute a threat to food security. However, synergies ...


Richards, MerylArslan, AslihanCavatassi, RominaRosenstock, Todd S.[Climate change mitigation potential of agricultural practices supported by IFAD investments An ex ante analysis]Climate change mitigation potential of agricultural practices supported by IFAD investments An ex ante analysis

Agriculture is considered to be “climate-smart” when it contributes to increasing food security, adaptation and mitigation in a sustainable way. This new concept now dominates current discussions in agricultural development because of its capacity to unite the agendas of the agriculture, developm...


Neufeldt, HenryJahn, Molly M.Campbell, Bruce M.Beddington, J.R.DeClerck, Fabrice A.J.Pinto, Alex deGulledge, JHellin, J.Herrero, Mario T.Jarvis, AndyLeZaks, DMeinke, HRosenstock, Todd S.Scholes, MScholes, Robert J.Vermeulen, Sonja J.Wollenberg, Eva K.Zougmoré, Robert B.[Beyond climate-smart agriculture: toward safe operating spaces for global food systems]Beyond climate-smart agriculture: toward safe operating spaces for global food systems

The World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Unique Forestry and Land Use and Vuna have been working with stakeholders in four countries in eastern and southern Africa (Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe) to assess the current state of national CSA M&E and to set out country-specific roadmaps for de...


Rosenstock, Todd S.Wilkes, AndreasNowak, AndreeaAkamandisa, Vincent M.Bondo, AustinKimaro, Anthony A.Lucas, IreneMakoko, KondwaniMasikati, PatriciaMalozo, MpondaMorongwe, SepaNgwira, GomezyaniNjoloma, JoyceNyoka, IsaacPedzisa, TarisayiShoo, AikandeTemu, EmmanuelFay, John[Measurement, reporting and verification of climate-smart agriculture: Change of perspective, change of possibilities?]Measurement, reporting and verification of climate-smart agriculture: Change of perspective, change of possibilities?

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