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Although REDD+ is approaching its 10th anniversary, major impacts in terms of reduced forest loss are hard to document. Conservation practitioners and scholars are therefore increasingly asking why REDD+ has not delivered more tangible results. A recent Comment in Conservation Biology by Fletcher...


Angelsen, ArildBrockhaus, MariaDuchelle, Amy E.Larson, AnneMartius, ChristopherSunderlin, William D.Verchot, Louis V.Wong, GraceWunder, Sven[Learning from REDD+: a response to Fletcher et al.]Learning from REDD+: a response to Fletcher et al.

Previous studies of deforestation have focused on agriculture, population and migration, timber exploitation, macroeconomic policies and geographic factors to explain the variability of deforestation rates among countries. This study tests the hypothesis that countries with a high proportion of p...


Sunderlin, William D.Wunder, Sven[The influence of mineral exports on the variability of tropical deforestation]The influence of mineral exports on the variability of tropical deforestation

The rate of forest cover loss in the humid tropics of Cameroon is one of the highest in Central Africa. The aim of the large-scale, two-year research project described here was to understand the effect of the country's economic crisis and policy change on small-scale agricultural systems and land...


Sunderlin, William D.Ndoye, O.Bikie, H.Laporte, N.Mertens, B.Pokam, J.[Economic crisis, small-scale agriculture, and forest cover change in Southern Cameroon]Economic crisis, small-scale agriculture, and forest cover change in Southern Cameroon

In the growing literature at the interface of rural livelihood improvement and conservation of natural forests, two overarching issues stand out: (1) How and to what extent use of forest resources do and can contribute to poverty alleviation and (2) How and to what extent poverty alleviation and ...


Sunderlin, William D.Angelsen, A.Belcher, B.Burgess, P.Nasi, RobertSantoso, L.Wunder, Sven[Livelihoods, forests, and conservation in developing countries: an overview]Livelihoods, forests, and conservation in developing countries: an overview
Sunderlin, William D.[Poverty alleviation through community forestry in Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam: an assessment of the potential]Poverty alleviation through community forestry in Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam: an assessment of the potential

One of the key goals of social forestry is to involve the poor as project beneficiaries. It is possible to measure the degree of attainment of this goal by collecting socioeconomic data before and after project implementation. This approach cannot be applied at the many sites where ex-ante data w...


Sunderlin, William D.[An ex-post methodology for measuring poor people's participation in social forestry: an example from Java, Indonesia]An ex-post methodology for measuring poor people's participation in social forestry: an example from Java, Indonesia

A preliminary insight into how structural adjustment policies (SAPs) may have affected deforestation and forest degradation in the lowland tropical forests of Bolivia, Cameroon and Indonesia. It presents tentative hypotheses regarding how changes in prices, costs, incomes and government services ...


Kaimowitz, D.Erwidodo.Ndoye, O.Pacheco, P.Balanza, P.P.Sunderlin, William D.[Considering the impact of structural adjustment policies on forests in Bolivia, Cameroon and Indonesia]Considering the impact of structural adjustment policies on forests in Bolivia, Cameroon and Indonesia

The massive loss of quantity and quality of natural forest cover in Indonesia threatens an important source of foreign exchange and employment. Several studies and government policies indicate that population growth, particularly among small landholders, is the principal cause of deforestation. A...


Sunderlin, William D.Resosudarmo, I.A.P.[The Effect of population and migration on forest cover in Indonesia]The Effect of population and migration on forest cover in Indonesia

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