Introduction: Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a vector-borne zoonotic disease caused by phlebovirus in the family Bunyaviridae. In Kenya, major outbreaks occurred in 1997–1998 and 2006–2007 leading to human deaths, huge economic losses because of livestock morbidity, mortality, and restrictions on liv...
Nanyingi, M.O.
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Muchemi, G.M.
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Thumbi, S.M.
,
Ade, F.
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Onyango, C.O.
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Kiama, S.G.
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Bett, Bernard K.
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[Seroepidemiological survey of Rift Valley fever virus in ruminants in Garissa, Kenya]
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Seroepidemiological survey of Rift Valley fever virus in ruminants in Garissa, Kenya
Background
To-date, Rift Valley fever (RVF) outbreaks have occurred in 38 of the 69 administrative districts in Kenya. Using surveillance records collected between 1951 and 2007, we determined the risk of exposure and outcome of an RVF outbreak, examined the ecological and climatic factors assoc...
Munyua, P.M.
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Murithi, R.M.
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Ithondeka, P.M.
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Hightower, A.
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Thumbi, S.M.
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Anyangu, S.A.
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Kiplimo, Jusper Ronoh
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Bett, Bernard K.
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Vrieling, A.
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Breiman, R.F.
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Njenga, M.K.
,
[Predictive factors and risk mapping for Rift Valley fever epidemics in Kenya]
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Predictive factors and risk mapping for Rift Valley fever epidemics in Kenya
Muturi, M.
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Gachohi, J.
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Mwatondo, A.
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Lekolool, I.
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Gakuya, F.
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Bett, A.
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Osoro, E.
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Bitek, A.
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Thumbi, S.M.
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Munyua, P.
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Oyas, H.
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Njagi, O.N.
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Bett, Bernard K.
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Njenga, M.K.
,
[Recurrent anthrax outbreaks in humans, livestock, and wildlife in the same locality, Kenya, 2014–2017]
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Recurrent anthrax outbreaks in humans, livestock, and wildlife in the same locality, Kenya, 2014–2017
Many individual hosts are infected with multiple parasite species, and this may increase or decrease the pathogenicity of the infections. This phenomenon is termed heterologous reactivity and is potentially an important determinant of both patterns of morbidity and mortality and of the impact of ...
Woolhouse, Mark E.J.
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Thumbi, S.M.
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Jennings, A.
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Chase-Topping, M.
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Callaby, R.
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Kiara, Henry K.
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Oosthuizen, M.C.
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Mbole-Kariuki, Mary N.
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Conradie, I.
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Handel, I.G.
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Poole, Elizabeth J.
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Njiiri, E.
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Collins, N.E.
,
Murray, G.
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Tapio, M.
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Auguet, O.T.
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Weir, W.
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Morrison, W. Ivan
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Kruuk, L.E.B.
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Bronsvoort, B.M. de C.
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Hanotte, Olivier H.
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Coetzer, K.
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Toye, Philip G.
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[Co-infections determine patterns of mortality in a population exposed to parasite infection]
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Co-infections determine patterns of mortality in a population exposed to parasite infection
Background
In mid-2015, the United States’ Pandemic Prediction and Forecasting Science and Technical Working Group of the National Science and Technology Council, Food and Agriculture Organization Emergency Prevention Systems, and Kenya Meteorological Department issued an alert predicting a high ...
Oyas, H.
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Holmstrom, L.
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Kemunto, N.P.
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Muturi, M.
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Mwatondo, A.
,
Osoro, E.
,
Bitek, A.
,
Bett, Bernard K.
,
Githinji, J.W.K.
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Thumbi, S.M.
,
Widdowson, M.-A.
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Munyua, P.M.
,
Njenga, M.K.
,
[Enhanced surveillance for Rift Valley fever in livestock during El Niño rains and threat of RVF outbreak, Kenya, 2015-2016]
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Enhanced surveillance for Rift Valley fever in livestock during El Niño rains and threat of RVF outbreak, Kenya, 2015-2016
Parasite burden varies widely between individuals within a population, and can covary with multiple aspects of individual phenotype. Here we investigate the sources of variation in faecal strongyle eggs counts, and its association with body weight and a suite of haematological measures, in a coho...
Callaby, R.
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Hanotte, Olivier H.
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Wyk, I.C. van
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Kiara, Henry K.
,
Toye, Philip G.
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Mbole-Kariuki, Mary N.
,
Jennings, A.
,
Thumbi, S.M.
,
Coetzer, J.A.W.
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Bronsvoort, B.M. de C.
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Knott, S.A.
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Woolhouse, Mark E.J.
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Kruuk, L.E.B.
,
[Variation and covariation in strongyle infection in East African shorthorn zebu calves]
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Variation and covariation in strongyle infection in East African shorthorn zebu calves
Most studies of infectious diseases in East African cattle have concentrated on gastro-intestinal parasites and vector-borne diseases. As a result, relatively little is known about viral diseases, except for those that are clinically symptomatic or which affect international trade such as foot an...
Callaby, R.
,
Toye, Philip G.
,
Jennings, A.
,
Thumbi, S.M.
,
Wyk, I.C. van
,
Hanotte, Olivier H.
,
Mbole-Kariuki, Mary N.
,
Bronsvoort, B.M. de C.
,
Kruuk, L.E.B.
,
Woolhouse, Mark E.J.
,
Kiara, Henry K.
,
[Seroprevalence of respiratory viral pathogens of indigenous calves in western Kenya]
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Seroprevalence of respiratory viral pathogens of indigenous calves in western Kenya
Currently, several PCR based diagnostic assays have been developed to improve the detection of pathogenic trypanosomes. These tests include use of species specific primers, single and nested PCRs' based on primers amplifying the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) regions of ribosomal DNA. This stu...
Thumbi, S.M.
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McOdimba, F.A.
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Mosi, R.O.
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Jung'a, J.O.
,
[Comparative evaluation of three PCR base diagnostic assays for the detection of pathogenic trypanosomes in cattle blood]
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Comparative evaluation of three PCR base diagnostic assays for the detection of pathogenic trypanosomes in cattle blood
Studies on the epidemiology of African Animal Trypanosomiasis (AAT) rarely consider the spatial dimension of disease prevalence. This problem is confounded by use of parasitological diagnostic methods of low sensitivity in field surveys. Here we report a study combining highly sensitive and speci...
Thumbi, S.M.
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Jung'a, J.O.
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Mosi, R.O.
,
McOdimba, F.A.
,
[Spatial distribution of African animal trypanosomiasis in Suba and Teso districts in Western Kenya]
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Spatial distribution of African animal trypanosomiasis in Suba and Teso districts in Western Kenya
A cross-sectional survey was done in two Districts in Western Kenya to determine the socio-economic characteristics and perceptions of the cattle types kept. This involved socio-economic profiles of households, herd structure, reasons for keeping specific types of cattle and production and market...
Amimo, Joshua O.
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Thumbi, S.M.
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Inyangala, B.A.O.
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Jung'a, J.O.
,
Mosi, R.O.
,
[Socio-economic characteristics and perceptions of cattle keepers and constraints to cattle production in western Kenya]
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Socio-economic characteristics and perceptions of cattle keepers and constraints to cattle production in western Kenya