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CIFOR facilitated 27 communities in the Upper Malinau watershed to develop agreements about their village boundaries and map them through participatory methods. Decentralization reforms created new values of forest resources and uncertainties that increased conflict over local resources. The auth...


Wollenberg, Eva K.Anau, N.Iwan, R.Heist, M. vanLimberg, G.Sudana, M.[Building agreements among stakeholders]Building agreements among stakeholders

This chapter concludes from a study of the impacts of forest devolution policies in China, India and the Philippines that devolution has had significant impacts, but mostly on increasing forest cover. Changes in livelihoods were mixed, and control over forests was little changed. In some cases, d...


Edmunds, D.Wollenberg, Eva K.Contreras, A.P.Liu DachangKelkar, G.Nathan, D.Sarin, M.Singh, N.M.[Local forest management: conclusion]Local forest management: conclusion

Pluralism is a political belief that acknowledges individuals’ rights to pursue their interests, but requires society to resolve differences where they infringe upon each other. This guide shows how pluralism helps people to value social differences and provides clear principles and rules about h...


Wollenberg, Eva K.Anderson, J.López, C.[Though all things differ: pluralism as a basis for cooperation in forests]Though all things differ: pluralism as a basis for cooperation in forests

Current trends to improve the adaptiveness of community forest management focus on monitoring past actions and emphasize internal dynamics. We show how scenario methods can be used to 1) enable managers to better understand landscape and larger scale forces for change and to work with stakeholder...


Wollenberg, Eva K.Edmunds, D.Buck, L.[Anticipating change: scenarios as a tool for increasing adaptivity in multistakeholder setting]Anticipating change: scenarios as a tool for increasing adaptivity in multistakeholder setting

This special issue contains an editorial and seven articles. They examine the emerging pluralism in the governance of forests. Forests are naturally suited to pluralistic decision-making because of the many products and services they provide. They often involve complex arrangements for accommodat...


Wollenberg, Eva K.Edmunds, D.Anderson, J.[Accommodating multiple interests in local forest management]Accommodating multiple interests in local forest management

This chapter synthesizes results from case studies of the effects of devolution policies on the management of forests in three Asian countries, China, India and the Philippines. It also seeks to explain the disappointing impacts of forest devolution policies in terms of the divergent interests an...


Edmunds, D.Wollenberg, Eva K.[Whose devolution is it anyway? divergent constructs, interests and capacities between the poorest forest users and states]Whose devolution is it anyway? divergent constructs, interests and capacities between the poorest forest users and states

This paper describes the experience of CIFOR research team in facilitating local communities to manage their natural resources in Malinau District, East Kalimantan, Indonesia during the Otonomi Daerah reform period (1998-present). The case examines how the CIFOR team used informal, shared learnin...


Wollenberg, Eva K.Iwan, R.Limberg, G.Moeliono, M.Rhee, S.Sudana, M.[Muddling towards cooperation: a CIFOR case study of shared learning in Malinau district, Indonesia]Muddling towards cooperation: a CIFOR case study of shared learning in Malinau district, Indonesia

Many people want to improve the governance of forest areas, yet what is considered good governance is not necessarily self-evident or agreed upon by everyone. This study demonstrates the diversity of views held by communities and government officials in Malinau, Indonesian Borneo about what they ...


Wollenberg, Eva K.Limberg, G.Iwan, R.Rahmawati, R.Moeliono, M.[Our forest, our decision: a survey of principles for local decision-making in Malinau]Our forest, our decision: a survey of principles for local decision-making in Malinau

Current trends to improve the adaptiveness of community forest management focus on monitoring past actions and emphasise internal dynamics. Scenario methods can be used to: (1) enable managers to better understand landscape and larger scale forces for change and to work with stakeholders at these...


Wollenberg, Eva K.Edmunds, D.Buck, L.[Using scenarios to make decisions about the future: anticipatory learning for the adaptive co-management of community forests]Using scenarios to make decisions about the future: anticipatory learning for the adaptive co-management of community forests
Wollenberg, Eva K.Iwan, R.Limberg, G.Moeliono, M.Rhee, S.Sudana, I.M.[Muddling towards cooperation: spontaneous orders and shared learning in Malinau district, Indonesia]Muddling towards cooperation: spontaneous orders and shared learning in Malinau district, Indonesia

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