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Milk is an important source of energy and nutrients, especially for children, and in Kenya, milk consumption is higher than other countries in the region. One major concern with milk is the risks of chemical contaminants, and reports of high levels of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk in Kenya has been...


Lindahl, Johanna F.Kagera, I.N.Grace, Delia[Aflatoxin M1 levels in different marketed milk products in Nairobi, Kenya]Aflatoxin M1 levels in different marketed milk products in Nairobi, Kenya

Background: Food safety is of increasing global concern, and a OneHealth issue requiring attention of many disciplines. Aflatoxins are toxins produced by fungi and found in foods and feeds, and exposure causes negative health effects in humans and animals. When lactating animals consume aflatoxin...


Anyango, G.Mutua, F.Kagera, I.Andang'o, P.Grace, DeliaLindahl, Johanna F.[A survey of aflatoxin M1 contamination in raw milk produced in urban and peri-urban areas of Kisumu County, Kenya]A survey of aflatoxin M1 contamination in raw milk produced in urban and peri-urban areas of Kisumu County, Kenya

Background Dietary exposure to high levels of the fungal toxin, aflatoxin, occurs in West Africa, where long-term crop storage facilitates fungal growth. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in Benin and Togo to investigate aflatoxin exposure in children around the time of weaning and cor...


Gong, Y.Egal, S.Hounsa, A.Turner, P.C.Hall, A.J.Cardwell, K.F.Wild, C.P.[Determinants of aflatoxin exposure in young children from Benin and Togo, West Africa: the critical role of weaning]Determinants of aflatoxin exposure in young children from Benin and Togo, West Africa: the critical role of weaning

Aflatoxins produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus are common contaminants of peanut (Arachis hypogea) and a major threat to consumers, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Aflatoxin contamination is a serious concern given their hepatotoxic properties and their widespread occur...


Waliyar, F.Kumar, L.Traoré, A.Ntare, B.R.Diarra, B.Kodio, O.[Pre and postharvest management of aflatoxin contamination in peanuts]Pre and postharvest management of aflatoxin contamination in peanuts

Food is considered to be unavoidable, as the causative fungi are ubiquitous in the tropical parts of the world. However, fungal infestation and toxin contamination are unpredictable and depend on certain environmental exposure in humans and animals results from the consumption contaminated foods ...


Kumar, P.L.Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit[AflaELISA: a simple and lowcost quantitative test for the estimation of aflatoxins]AflaELISA: a simple and lowcost quantitative test for the estimation of aflatoxins

The aflatoxin class of mycotoxins is one of the most important food safety concerns at domestic and international levels. The widespread occurrence of aflatoxin contamination in Africa and other tropical countries is a major potential hazard to humans and domesticated animals, and causes severe h...


Waliyar, F.Siambi, M.Jones, R.Reddy, S.Chibonga, D.Kumar, L.Denloye, S.[Institutionalizing mycotoxin testing in Africa]Institutionalizing mycotoxin testing in Africa

Aflatoxin exposure is frequent and widespread in most African countries where the key staples, maize and groundnut, are particularly vulnerable to aflatoxin contamination. Aflatoxin-producing fungi are ubiquitous in Africa where they occupy soil and colonize diverse organic matter while producing...


Bandyopadhyay, RanajitCotty, P.J.[Biological controls for aflatoxin reduction]Biological controls for aflatoxin reduction

Anitha, S.Muzanila, Y.Okori, P.[Aflatoxin free complementary food to improve the growth of the children]Aflatoxin free complementary food to improve the growth of the children

Aflatoxins are toxic by-products of fungi contaminating maize and other crops; they can be carried over into milk, meat and eggs when livestock eat aflatoxin-contaminated feed or fodder. People who consume such animal products are exposed to the toxins. To assess the aflatoxin contamination statu...


Kirino, Y.Makita, K.Grace, DeliaLindahl, Johanna F.[Survey of informal milk retailers in Nairobi, Kenya and prevalence of aflatoxin M1 in marketed milk]Survey of informal milk retailers in Nairobi, Kenya and prevalence of aflatoxin M1 in marketed milk

Host resistance is the most widely explored strategy for eliminating aflatoxin contamination by Aspergillus flavus. Breeding strategies for developing resistant corn germplasm have been enhanced by the development of new screening tools for field inoculation and for laboratory screening. RFLP ana...


Brown, R.L.Zhi-Yuan, C.Menkir, A.Cleveland, T.E.[Using biotechnology to enhance host resistance to aflatoxin contaminiation of corn]Using biotechnology to enhance host resistance to aflatoxin contaminiation of corn

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