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Based on the promising results obtained from on-station, the cow traction study was further taken to on-farm for verification under the Ethiopian smallholder farmers management conditions. The study was undertaken in Holetta area between 1992 and 1996 by involving 14 farmers. Mean dairy milk yiel...


Alemayehu, M.Gebre-Wold, A.Tegegne, AzageZerbini, E.Larsen, C.[Dairy-draft on-farm performance of crossbred cows in Holetta area]Dairy-draft on-farm performance of crossbred cows in Holetta area

Forty F1 crossbred dairy cows, 20 Friesian x Boran and 20 Simmental x Boran, in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement (non working-non supplemented, non working-supplemented, working-non supplemented, and working-supplemented) were used to study the effect of work and diet supplementation on roughage int...


Zerbini, E.Gemeda, T.Gebre-Wold, A.Demissie, D.[Effect of work and diet on dry matter intake, feed digestibility and nitrogen balance of F1 crossbred cows used for draught]Effect of work and diet on dry matter intake, feed digestibility and nitrogen balance of F1 crossbred cows used for draught

Farming systems based on ox-cultivation is a millennium old tradition in Ethiopia. However, this farming system with its in high demand for grazing land, has come under increased pressure during the last century. Means of intensifying the mixed crop and livestock farming systems, which is predomi...


Larsen, C.E.S.Kumsa, T.Tegegne, Azage[Exotic dairy breed turns into exhausted dairy breed when forced to reproduce, lactate and perform work at the same time: On-farm testing of multipurpose breed, experience from Holetta area.]Exotic dairy breed turns into exhausted dairy breed when forced to reproduce, lactate and perform work at the same time: On-farm testing of multipurpose breed, experience from Holetta area.

This chapter discusses the traditional tillage implement and the alternative tillage implements using animal power in Vertisol management. Among the topics of discussion are land shaping equipment; the ridge and furrow system; minimum tillage with BBM attachments; animal drawn scoops; pond excava...


Astatke, A.Mohamed-Saleem, M.A.[Draft animal power for Vertisol management]Draft animal power for Vertisol management

Draught animals are the main integrative links between crop and livestock production systems in the highlands of Ethiopia. The highlands comprise only 40% of the country's total land area but carry 79% of livestock heads and 80% of the human population results in higher pressure on the arable lan...


Alemayehu, M.Zerbini, E.Yami, A.[Draught work efficiency of F1 crossbred dairy cows and the Ethiopian highland Zebu oxen under smallholder farming context]Draught work efficiency of F1 crossbred dairy cows and the Ethiopian highland Zebu oxen under smallholder farming context

Animal traction has been used for land preparation and seed covering since third millennium B.C. in Ethiopia and has continued to the present day without significant changes. The traditional implement, the `maresha' pulled mainly by a pair of oxen under a ridged neck yoke is unique to Ethiopian a...


Astatke, A.Mohamed-Saleem, M.A.[Draft animal power: Agricultural Development trends in Ethiopia]Draft animal power: Agricultural Development trends in Ethiopia

The study investigated the effect of work on the postpartum estrous cycle length and ovarian activity of crossbred dairy cows used for draught. Sixteen dairy cows were assigned to two dietary feeding regimes (i.e. diet 1=9 MJ ME/kg DM; diet 2=10 MJ/kg DM). The cows in both diets started to work a...


Abate, E.Zerbini, E.Yami, A.Mukasa-Mugerwa, E.Gebre-Wold, A.[Effect of draught work on postpartum estrous cycle length in crossbred dairy cows already cycling]Effect of draught work on postpartum estrous cycle length in crossbred dairy cows already cycling

Smallholder whole-farm productivity could be increased, and a more sustainable farming system could be established, if dairy cows could also be used for draught work. On-station results over a three-year period indicated that when dairy-draught cows were adequately fed, milk production was not si...


Zerbini, E.Shapiro, Barry I.Larsen, C.E.S.Gebre-Wold, A.[Dairy-draught cows performance and implications for adoption]Dairy-draught cows performance and implications for adoption

Tests on the use of a single ox with a modified maresha plow were carried out in Ethiopia at the International Livestock Centre for Africa (ILCA) Debre Berhan station, on farmers' fields at Debre Zeit, and on a test track at the Agricultural Implement Research and Improvement Centre (AIRIC) near ...


Astatke, A.Mohamed-Saleem, M.A.[Experiences with the use of a single ox for cultivation in the Ethiopian highlands]Experiences with the use of a single ox for cultivation in the Ethiopian highlands

This paper reviews research findings relevant to draught animal husbandry and management, and highlights the differences in use of oxen and cows for draught. Topics considered include the choice between cows and oxen and effects of work on physiology, metabolism, health, food intake, digestion, b...


Matthewman, R.W.Dijkman, J.T.Zerbini, E.[The management and husbandry of male and female draught animals: Research achievements and needs]The management and husbandry of male and female draught animals: Research achievements and needs

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