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Druing translocations of black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis Linnaeus) in Kenya, we studied the relationships between the rhinoceros and biting flies. In trapping experiments, rhinoceros waste products (urine or dung) were substituted for known attractants such as cow urine, 1-octen-3-ol or aceton...


Mihok, S.Moloo, S.K.Oden'y, J.O.Brett, R.A.Rakwar, J.G.Munyoki, E.Kiilu, J.Kyorku, C.A.[Attractiveness of black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) to tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) (Diptera: Glossinidae) and other biting flies]Attractiveness of black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) to tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) (Diptera: Glossinidae) and other biting flies

This paper determines whether tumour necrosis factor (TNF alpha) (a cytokine that is predominantly secreted by cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage) production is induced during bovine trypanosomiasis and wheather or not production is correlated with disease. TNF alpha titres in plasma from B...


Sileghem, M.R.Gaidulis, L.[Production of tumour necrosis factor alpha during bovine trypanosomiasis: possible correlation with severity of anaemia associated with the disease]Production of tumour necrosis factor alpha during bovine trypanosomiasis: possible correlation with severity of anaemia associated with the disease

Reports the results of an 18-month study on the prevalence, species and intensity of trypanosome parasitaemias in East African Zebu cattle managed in ten village herds in four areas around Ghibe, S.W. Ethiopia. Gives an estimation of tsetse related density and trypanosome infection rates in tsets...


Mulatu, W.D'Ieteren, G.D.M.Duffera, W.Girma, T.Itty, P.Leak, S.G.A.Maehl, J.H.H.Nagda, S.M.Paling, R.W.Rarieya, J.M.Thorpe, W.R.Trail, J.C.M.[Health and performance of zebu cattle exposed to trypanosomiasis risk in S.W. Ethiopia]Health and performance of zebu cattle exposed to trypanosomiasis risk in S.W. Ethiopia

The significance of Glossina fusca group tsetse flies as vectors of cattle trypanosomiasis was examined using biconical traps to survey tsetse populations at one site in Gabon and two sites in Zaire. Mean trypanosome infection rates in G. tabaniformis Westwood over the study period ranged from 8....


Leak, S.G.A.Colardelle, C.D'Ieteren, G.D.M.Dumont, P.Feron, A.Jeannin, P.Minengu, M.Mulungo, M.Ngamuna, S.Ordner, G.Sauveroche, B.Trail, J.C.M.Yangari, G.[Glossina fusca group tsetse as vectors of cattle trypanosomiasis in Gabon and Zaire]Glossina fusca group tsetse as vectors of cattle trypanosomiasis in Gabon and Zaire

Tsetse flies Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae) harbor three different symbiotic microorganisms one being an intracellular Rickettsia of the genus Wolbachia. This bacterium infects a wide range of arthropods, where it causes a variety of reproductive abnormalities, one of which is termed cytopl...


Cheng, QRuel, T.D.Zhou, W.Moloo, S.K.Majiwa, P.A.O.O'Neill, S.L.Aksoy, S.[Tissue distribution and prevalence of Wolbachia infections in tsetse flies, Glossina spp.]Tissue distribution and prevalence of Wolbachia infections in tsetse flies, Glossina spp.
Moloo, S.K.Olubayo, R.O.Kabata, J.M.Okumu, I.O.[A comparison of African buffalo, N'Dama and Boran cattle as reservoirs of Trypanosoma congolense for different Glossina species]A comparison of African buffalo, N'Dama and Boran cattle as reservoirs of Trypanosoma congolense for different Glossina species

Agricultural expansion is a major cause of biodiversity loss worldwide. In Africa, biologists have observed that the populations of some tsetse species, which transmit human and livestock trypanosomosis, decline or disappear as human populations grow and farmers clear fly habitat for cultivation....


Reid, Robin S.Kruska, R.L.Deichmann, U.Thornton, Philip K.Leak, S.G.A.[Human population growth and the extinction of the tsetse fly]Human population growth and the extinction of the tsetse fly

Infections of cattle with tsetse-transmitted Trypanosoma congolense are accompanied by antibody responses to the variable surface glycoprotein (VSG) and to two major invariant antigens, a member of the hsp 70 family and a 33KDa cysteine protease. During primary infection, trypanotolerant N'Dama (...


Lutje, V.Authié, E.Boulange, A.F.Williams, D.J.L.[Bovine T-cell responses to defined Trypanosoma congolense antigens during infection]Bovine T-cell responses to defined Trypanosoma congolense antigens during infection

Analysis of serum antibody responses in cattle experimentally infected with Trypanosoma congolense suggested that antibody responses of trypanosusceptible Boran cattle are less efficient in isotype switching and affinity maturation than those of trypanotolerant N'Dama cattle. High levels of polys...


Taylor, K.A.Williams, D.J.L.Lutje, V.[B-cell activation in trypanosome-infected Boran cattle]B-cell activation in trypanosome-infected Boran cattle

The trypanosome surface coat is composed almost entirely of a homogeneous array of molecules known as variable surface glycoproteins (VSG). These molecules are highly immunogenic and elicit a strong antibody response in the infected host. Antibodies against the surface-exposed epitopes of a parti...


Williams, D.J.L.Taylor, K.Newson, J.Naessens, JanAuthié, E.[Protective and inappropriate antibody responses in trypanosome-infected cattle]Protective and inappropriate antibody responses in trypanosome-infected cattle

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