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In many countries in West Africa, the pyralid ear borer Mussidia nigrivenella Ragonot occasionally causes severe damage to pre- and postharvest maize. Between 1992 and 1995, the distribution of and damage caused by M. nigrivenella were studied in Benin using survey data and an on-station field ex...


Sétamou, M.Schulthess, F.Poehling, H.Borgemeister, C.[Monitoring and modeling of field infestations and damage by the maize ear borer Mussidia nigrivenella Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Benin, West Africa]Monitoring and modeling of field infestations and damage by the maize ear borer Mussidia nigrivenella Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Benin, West Africa

The ear borer Mussidia nigrivenella Ragonot is a polyphagous insect pest that feeds on various cultivated and wild plants. Surveys in four agro-ecological zones of Benin, conducted between 1993 and 1997, revealed ≈20 plant species from 11 plant families hosting the borer, but only 13 host plants ...


Sétamou, M.Schulthess, F.Poehling, H.Borgemeister, C.[Host plants and population dynamics of the cob borer Mussidia nigrivenella Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Benin]Host plants and population dynamics of the cob borer Mussidia nigrivenella Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Benin

Speargrass, Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeuschel, is a serious weed, threatening crop productivity in smallholder farms in West Africa. Since the use of more effective practices such as deep tillage and chemical control is beyond the means of resource-poor farmers who carry out most agricultural ac...


Akobundu, I.O.Udensi, U.E.Chikoye, D.[Mucuna spp. suppresses speargrass (Imperata cylindrica) and increases maize yield]Mucuna spp. suppresses speargrass (Imperata cylindrica) and increases maize yield

Nine isolates of Peronosclerospora sorghi from maize, sorghum and wild sorghum were sampled from Zimbabwe, Zambia, Rwanda, Mozambique and Kenya. They were compared for variation in conidium and conidiophore morphology, temperature requirements for sporulation, germination and germ-tube growth and...


Bock, C.H.Jeger, M.J.Mughogho, L.K.Cardwell, K.Mtisi, E.Kaula, G.Mukansabimana, D.[Variability of Peronosclerospora sorghi isolates from different geographic locations and hosts in Africa]Variability of Peronosclerospora sorghi isolates from different geographic locations and hosts in Africa

In Africa, sorghum downy mildew (SDM), caused by Peronosclerospora sorghi, infects both sorghum and maize. Systemic infection can result in severe yield loss. The effects of seed treatments and foliar sprays of metalaxyl on the disease were determined on maize in Nigeria (1992) and sorghum in Zim...


Bock, C.H.Jeger, M.J.Cardwell, K.F.Mughogho, L.K.Sherington, J.[Control of sorghum downy mildew of maize and sorghum in Africa]Control of sorghum downy mildew of maize and sorghum in Africa

Development of sorghum downy mildew, incited by Peronoscleospora sorghi (Weston and Uppal) C.G. Shaw, on maize, sorghum and Johnson grass was investigated at two locations in Uganda during three seasons (1994 and 1995). More sorghum downy mildew developed on the Johnson grass and sorghum than on ...


Bigirwa, G.Adipala, E.Esele, J.Cardwell, K.[Reaction of maize, sorghum and Johnsongrass to Peronosclerospora sorghi]Reaction of maize, sorghum and Johnsongrass to Peronosclerospora sorghi

Background and Aims: The forage grass Brachiaria humidicola (Bh) has been shown to reduce soil microbial nitrification. However, it is not known if biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) also has an effect on nitrogen (N) cycling during cultivation of subsequent crops. Therefore, the objective...


Karwat, HannesMoreta, DaniloArango, JacoboNúñez, JonathanRao, Idupulapati M.Rincón, ÁlvaroRasche, FrankCadisch, Georg[Residual effect of BNI by Brachiaria humidicola pasture on nitrogen recovery and grain yield of subsequent maize]Residual effect of BNI by Brachiaria humidicola pasture on nitrogen recovery and grain yield of subsequent maize

The fate of aflatoxins and fumonisins, two mycotoxins that cooccur in maize, was studied through the traditional processing of naturally contaminated maize in mawe, makume, ogi, akassa, and owo, maize-based foods common in Benin, West Africa. Levels of total aflatoxin and fumonisin were measured ...


Fandohan, P.Zoumenou, D.Hounhouigan, D.J.Marasas, W.F.O.Wingfield, M.J.Hell, K.[Fate of aflatoxins and fumonisins during the processing of maize into food products in Benin]Fate of aflatoxins and fumonisins during the processing of maize into food products in Benin

Aflatoxin contamination of maize by Aspergillus flavus poses serious potential economic losses in the US and health hazards to humans, particularly in West Africa. The Southern Regional Research Center of the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS-SRRC) a...


Menkir, A.Brown, R.L.Bandyopadhyay, RanajitChen, Z.Y.Cleveland, T.E.[A USA Africa collaborative strategy for identifying, characterising and developing maize germplasm with resistance to aflatoxin contamination]A USA Africa collaborative strategy for identifying, characterising and developing maize germplasm with resistance to aflatoxin contamination

High cost of nitrogen fertilizer coupled with frequent occurrence of drought has forced many maize (Zea mays L.) growers in sub-Saharan Africa to either apply fertilizer below optimal dose or no fertilizer to their maize fields. The objectives of this study were to (i) compare the performance of ...


Meseka, S.K.Menkir, A.Elhassan, A.Ibrahim, S.S.Ajala, S.Kamara, A.[Responses of maize hybrids developed for drought tolerance to low soil nitrogen]Responses of maize hybrids developed for drought tolerance to low soil nitrogen

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