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A questionnaire survey aiming to elucidate the perception among veterinarians on the association between diarrhea in calves and Weak Calf Syndrome (WCS) was conducted in Japan, and 248 veterinarians in 39 prefectures answered the questionnaire. Among the respondents, 85.5% belonged to NOSAI (Farm...


Ohtsuka, H.Makita, K.[The reports of questionnaire about the diagnosis and prevention of weak calf syndrome in calves]The reports of questionnaire about the diagnosis and prevention of weak calf syndrome in calves

Wildebeest-associated malignant catarrhal fever (WA-MCF), a fatal disease of cattle caused by alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1), is one of the most important seasonal diseases of cattle in wildebeest endemic areas, with annual incidence reaching 10%. Here we report efficacy of over 80% for a vac...


Cook, Elizabeth A.J.Russell, GeorgeGrant, DawnMutisya, Christine N.Omoto, LazarusDobson, ElizabethLankester, FelixNene, Vishvanath[A randomised vaccine field trial in Kenya demonstrates protection against wildebeest-associated malignant catarrhal fever in cattle]A randomised vaccine field trial in Kenya demonstrates protection against wildebeest-associated malignant catarrhal fever in cattle

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an emerging viral disease spreading throughout Kenya and East Africa causing major losses in the small stock. This study is an attempt to evaluate small stock management practices in Turkana pastoral system, Kenya as predictors of PPR outbreaks. Information o...


Kihu, S.M.Gachohi, John M.Gitao, C.G.Bebora, L.C.Njenga, J.M.Wairire, G.G.Maingi, N.Wahome, R.G.[Analysis of small ruminants’ pastoral management practices as risk factors of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) spread in Turkana District, Kenya]Analysis of small ruminants’ pastoral management practices as risk factors of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) spread in Turkana District, Kenya

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne viral zoonotic disease that occurs throughout sub-Saharan Africa, Egypt and the Arabian Peninsula, with heavy impact in affected countries. Outbreaks are episodic and related to climate variability, especially rainfall and flooding. Despite great stride...


Gikungu, D.Neyole, E.Muita, R.Wakhungu, Judi W.Siamba, D.Muita, R.Bett, Bernard K.[Dynamic risk model for Rift Valley fever outbreaks in Kenya based on climate and disease outbreak data]Dynamic risk model for Rift Valley fever outbreaks in Kenya based on climate and disease outbreak data

Trichostrongylus colubriformis is an important cause of parasitic gastroenteritis in ruminants, where it causes protracted diarrhoea, rapid loss of weight, loss of production and death. The in vitro efficacy of extracts of Peltophorum africanum was determined against this parasitic nematode. Eggs...


Bizimenyera, E.S.Githiori, J.B.Eloff, J.N.Swan, G.E.[In vitro activity of Peltophorum africanum Sond. (Fabaceae) extracts on the egg hatching and larval development of the parasitic nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis]In vitro activity of Peltophorum africanum Sond. (Fabaceae) extracts on the egg hatching and larval development of the parasitic nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis
Ayalew, W.Jobre, Y.[Should vaccination be considered as a conservation measure for backyard chicken threatened with highly pathogenic Avian Influenza?]Should vaccination be considered as a conservation measure for backyard chicken threatened with highly pathogenic Avian Influenza?

The use of medicinal plants for the prevention and treatment of gastro-intestinal parasitism has its origin in ethnoveterinary medicine. Although until recently the majority of the evidence on the antiparasitic activity of medicinal plants was anecdotal and lacked scientific validity, there is cu...


Athanasiadou, S.Githiori, J.Kyriazakis, Ilias[Medicinal plants for helminth parasite control: facts and fiction]Medicinal plants for helminth parasite control: facts and fiction

The intracellular protozoan parasite Theileria parva transforms bovine lymphocytes inducing uncontrolled proliferation. Proteins released from the parasite are assumed to contribute to phenotypic changes of the host cell and parasite persistence. With 85 members, genes encoding subtelomeric varia...


Schmuckli-Maurer, J.Casanova, C.S.Affentranger, S.Kang'a, S.Nene, VishvanathKatzer, F.McKeever, Declan J.Müller, JoachimBishop, Richard P.Arnab Pain, A.Dobbelaere, D.A.E.[Expression analysis of the Theileria parva Subtelomere-encoded Variable Secreted Protein gene family]Expression analysis of the Theileria parva Subtelomere-encoded Variable Secreted Protein gene family

Mice whose tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) genes were disrupted developed higher levels of parasitemia than wild-type mice following infection with Trypanosoma congolense IL1180 or T. brucei brucei GUTat3.1, confirming the results of earlier studies. To determine whether TNF- directly affects ...


Kitani, H.Black, S.J.Nakamura, Y.Naessens, JanMurphy, N.Yokomizo, Y.Gibson, John P.Iraqi, F.A.[Recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha does not inhibit the growth of African trypanosomes in Axenic cultures]Recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha does not inhibit the growth of African trypanosomes in Axenic cultures

Five chicken lines were experimentally infected with a HPAI H7N1 virus, to examine the variation in susceptibility to infection. Three lines showed high susceptibility to the virus, while two showed some resistance, with 7 out of 20, and 11 out of 15 birds, respectively, remaining healthy and sur...


Sironi, L.Williams, J.L.Moreno-Martin, A.M.Ramelli, P.Stella, A.Weigend, S.Lombardi, G.Cordioli, P.Mariani, P.Han Jianlin[Susceptibility of different chicken lines to H7N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus and the role of Mx gene polymorphism coding amino acid position 631]Susceptibility of different chicken lines to H7N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus and the role of Mx gene polymorphism coding amino acid position 631

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