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This chapter analyses the climatic conditions prevailing at sites where tropical montane cloud forests (TMCF) have been reported. Spatial data-sets of climate were used to describe the climate at 477 cloud forest sites identified by United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)-WCMC. Some 85% of the ...


Jarvis, AndyMulligan, M.[The climate of cloud forests]The climate of cloud forests
Autor: Hansen, James

Growing awareness of how development outcomes are dependent on our variable and changing climate is focusing increasing attention on the role of climate information in agricultural development. Much of this attention is driven by the growing acceptance that human activity is altering the Earth’s ...


Hansen, James[Making climate information work for agricultural development]Making climate information work for agricultural development

Incentive-based schemes for natural resource conservation are based on the premise that offering payments to groups of land users will motivate them to organize collectively to provide environmental services. In contrast, research from behavioral economics shows that introducing monetary incentiv...


Kerr JVardhan MJindal R[Prosocial behavior and incentives: Evidence from field experiments in rural Mexico and Tanzania]Prosocial behavior and incentives: Evidence from field experiments in rural Mexico and Tanzania

Paradox of decreasing evaporation and evapotranspiration under increasing temperature conditions in the semi-arid tropics assumes greater importance as agriculture in these areas is more vulnerable to climate change. Trends in annual reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo) at Patancheru, Andhra P...


Kesava Rao AVRWani, S.P.[Evapotranspiration paradox at a semi-arid location in India]Evapotranspiration paradox at a semi-arid location in India

An important source of uncertainty in anticipating the effects of climate change on agriculture is limited understanding of crop responses to extremely high temperatures1, 2. This uncertainty partly reflects the relative lack of observations of crop behaviour in farmers fields under extreme heat...


Lobell, David B.Sibley AOrtiz Monasterio, Ivan[Extreme heat effects on wheat senescence in India]Extreme heat effects on wheat senescence in India

The discussion on the impact of climate change (CC) on agriculture has often focused on how changes in temperature, rainfall, and CO2 concentrations will affect the suitability of temperate regions for crop production and how crops will react in terms of yields. The effects of climate change on b...


Hoeschle-Zeledon, Irmgard[Climate change and plant health]Climate change and plant health

The implementation of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) needs agreed, scientifically sound and practical methodologies for monitoring and assessing the state and trend of land degradation as well as for monitoring the performance of management programmes. The lack of...


Vogt JVSafriel UMaltitz, G. vonSokona YZougmoré, Robert B.Bastin, G.Hill J[Monitoring and assessment of land degradation and desertification: towards new conceptual and integrated approaches]Monitoring and assessment of land degradation and desertification: towards new conceptual and integrated approaches

West and East Africa experience high variability of rainfall that is expected to increase with climate change. This results in fluctuations in water availability for food production and other socioeconomic activities. Water harvesting and storage can mitigate the adverse effects of rainfall varia...


Boelee, ElineYohannes, M.Poda, Jean-NoelMcCartney, Matthew P.Hagos FCecchi, PhilippeKibret, S.Laamrani, Hammou[Options for water storage and rainwater harvesting to improve health and resilience against climate change in Africa]Options for water storage and rainwater harvesting to improve health and resilience against climate change in Africa

The effects of growing Jatropha in on-farm and on-station degraded lands were evaluated on carbon (C) sequestration and soil properties. Jatropha accumulated and added to soil significant amounts of C (305 kg ha−1 year−1) from the year one itself. Overall, a 3–5-year old plantation added per year...


Wani, S.P.Chander, G.Sahrawat, Kanwar LalSrinivasa Rao CRaghvendra GSusanna PPavani M[Carbon sequestration and land rehabilitation through Jatropha curcas (L.) plantation in degraded lands]Carbon sequestration and land rehabilitation through Jatropha curcas (L.) plantation in degraded lands

Average towing speed by Dutch beam trawlermen has fallen substantially between 2002 and 2009. Changes in towing speed are related to changes in oil price. The price of their valuable main target species (sole, Solea vulgaris) did not influence towing speed.


Beare, Douglas J.Machiels, Marcel[Beam trawlermen take feet off gas in response to oil price hikes]Beam trawlermen take feet off gas in response to oil price hikes

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