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Two groups of five Boran (Bos indicus) cattle were infected with one of two populations of Trypanosoma congolense; one drug-sensitive (IL1180), and one drug-resistant (IL3330). The animals were then treated intramuscularly with homidium bromide at a dose rate of 1.0 mg kg - bodyweight 7 days afte...


Murilla, G.A.Peregrine, A.S.Ndung'u, J.M.Holmes, P.H.Eisler, M.C.[The effects of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant Trypanosoma congolense infections on the pharmacokinetics of homidium in Boran cattle]The effects of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant Trypanosoma congolense infections on the pharmacokinetics of homidium in Boran cattle

Outlines the types of reforms introduced in animal health services over the past decade, summarises past experiences, provides a preliminary assessment of their impact, and indicates what lessons need to be taken into account in future policy adjustments and project investments. The discussion co...


Haan, C. deSolomon Bekure[Animal health services in sub-Saharan Africa: Initial experience with new approaches]Animal health services in sub-Saharan Africa: Initial experience with new approaches

Isometamidium chloride is the most important chemoprophylactic agent used in the control of African bovine trypanosomiasis, although breakdowns in prophylaxis have been observed in the field. It is not usually apparent whether these breakdowns are due to inadequate drug dosage regimens, or to the...


Eisler, M.C.Maloo, S.H.Peregrine, A.S.Holmes, P.H.Thorpe, W.R.[Use of the isometamidium Elisa to measure serum concentrations of the drug in Jersey dairy cattle in Kenya]Use of the isometamidium Elisa to measure serum concentrations of the drug in Jersey dairy cattle in Kenya

Isometamidium chloride (Samorin Trypamidium), diminazene aceturate (Berenil, Veriben), homidium chloride (Novidium), homidium bromide (Ethidium) and the salts of quinapyramine (Trypacide, Triquin) are all anti-trypanosomal compounds that are routinely used in domestic livestock. However, the salt...


Peregrine, A.S.Kemei, S.Ndoutamia, G.[Cross-resistance phenotypes associated with induction of resistance to isometamidium chloride and quinapyramine sulphate in Trypanosoma congolense]Cross-resistance phenotypes associated with induction of resistance to isometamidium chloride and quinapyramine sulphate in Trypanosoma congolense

The peri-urban dairy production systems in Uganda, located in the subhumid agro-ecological zone with medium rainfall have a high potential for livestock production (Walsche et al., 1991; Winrock, 1992), but medium tsetse challenge and the associated trypanosomiasis risk may adversely affect dairy...


Patzelt, R.J.Schares, G.Peregrine, A.S.Lessard, P.Laker, C.Leak, S.G.A.Mehlitz, D.[Design of collaborative studies to assess the impact of diseases on production: Case study of trypanosomiasis in peri-urban dairy production systems in Uganda]Design of collaborative studies to assess the impact of diseases on production: Case study of trypanosomiasis in peri-urban dairy production systems in Uganda

Research has been undertaken since 1986 in the Ghibe valley, southwest Ethiopia, monitoring approximately 840 village East African Zebu cattle monthly to assess the effects of trypanosomiasis on productivity. The average monthly trypanosome prevalence between 1986 and 1989 was about 30 percent. M...


Mulatu, W.Rowlands, G.J.D'Ieteren, G.D.M.Nagda, S.M.[Effects of trypanosomiasis on productivity of East African Zebu cattle exposed to drug resistant trypanosomes]Effects of trypanosomiasis on productivity of East African Zebu cattle exposed to drug resistant trypanosomes

Bioassay of acaricide resistance on three common cattle tick species was conducted at the Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta Research Centre by using standardized FAO Acaricide Resistance Test Methods. Larval progeny of Boophilus decoloratus, Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi and Amblyomma v...


Shiferaw, Y.Girma, A.Jobre, Y.Hailemariam, M.Zerbini, E.[Bioassay of acaricide resistance on three common cattle tick species around Holetta area]Bioassay of acaricide resistance on three common cattle tick species around Holetta area

Two clones of Trypanosoma (Nannomonas) congolense were derived one from the other by growth in mice and administration of increasing sub-curative doses of isometamidium chloride. One of the clones thus became approximately 10x more tolerant to the trypanocide than the other mRNA from the two clon...


Majiwa, P.A.O.Maina, M.Peregrine, A.S.Kasumba, I.[Comparative molecular analysis of isogenic clones of Trypanosoma (Nanommonas) congolense that differ in their response to isometamidium chloride]Comparative molecular analysis of isogenic clones of Trypanosoma (Nanommonas) congolense that differ in their response to isometamidium chloride

To determine the duration after treatment of cattle with diminazene aceturate that the drug influences the tsetse infectivity and transmissibility of a drug-resistant Trypanosoma congolense, six Boran cattle were infected with T. congolense IL 3338 via the bites of Glossina morsitans centralis. A...


Diack, A.Moloo, S.K.Peregrine, A.S.[Effect of diminazene aceturate on the infectivity and transmissibility of drug-resistant Trypanosoma congolense in Glossina morsitans centralis]Effect of diminazene aceturate on the infectivity and transmissibility of drug-resistant Trypanosoma congolense in Glossina morsitans centralis

Background Chloroquine combined with primaquine has been the ecommended antimalarial treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria infections for six decades but the efficacy of this treatment regimen is threatened by chloroquine resistance (CQR). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the multidrug r...


Schousboe, M.L.Ranjitkar, S.Rajakaruna, R.S.Amerasinghe, Priyanie H.Morales, Francisco JoséPearce, R.Ord, R.Leslie, T.Rowland, M.Gadalla, N.B.Konradsen, FlemmingBygbjerg, C.Roper, C.Alifrangis, M.[Multiple origins of mutations in the mdr1 gene—a putative marker of chloroquine resistance in P. vivax]Multiple origins of mutations in the mdr1 gene—a putative marker of chloroquine resistance in P. vivax

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