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An average of 840 East African Zebu cattle from nine herds in the Ghibe Valley, southwest Ethiopia were monitored from 1986 to 1990. Each month blood samples were collected from analysis of packed red cell volume and detection of trypanosomes. Animals were found to be parasitaemic and with a PCV ...


Rowlands, G.J.Mulatu, W.Authie, A.D'Ieteren, G.D.M.Leak, S.G.A.Nagda, S.M.Peregrine, A.S.[Epidemiology of bovine trypanosomiasis in the Ghibe Valley, southwest Ethiopia. 2. Factors associated with variations in trypanosome prevalence, incidence of new infections and prevalence of recurrent infections]Epidemiology of bovine trypanosomiasis in the Ghibe Valley, southwest Ethiopia. 2. Factors associated with variations in trypanosome prevalence, incidence of new infections and prevalence of recurrent infections

The sensitivity of seven populations of T. congolense to the salts of three trypanocides, diminazene, isometamidium and homidium, were determined in vitro using in vitro-derived metacyclic trypanosomes. The trypanosomes were incubated at 35 degree centigrade for 48 hours with various drug concent...


Gray, M.A.Peregrine, A.S.[An in vitro assay for drug sensitivity of Trypanosoma congolense using in vitro-derived metacyclic trypanosomes]An in vitro assay for drug sensitivity of Trypanosoma congolense using in vitro-derived metacyclic trypanosomes

A Trypanosoma brucei brucei DNA repeat sequence termed NlaIII repeat (NR) was originally isolated from a multidrug-resistant field isolate CP547 [Jamnadass, R., 1995. Identification and characterisation of an extrachromosomal element from a multidrug-resistant isolate of T. brucei brucei, Ph.D. t...


Jamnadass, Ramni H.Pelle, RogerPandit, P.Ricard, B.Murphy, N.B.[Trypanosoma brucei: Composition, organisation, plasticity, and differential transcription of NlaIII repeat elements in drug-resistant and sensitive isolates]Trypanosoma brucei: Composition, organisation, plasticity, and differential transcription of NlaIII repeat elements in drug-resistant and sensitive isolates

Cattle from 50 farms in Mukono County, Uganda, were monitored for trypanosomes every second month over an 18-month period (1995–1996) by mini-anion exchange chromatography and haematocrit centrifugation techniques. Eighteen trypanosome isolates collected from cattle during this period were charac...


Olila, D.McDermott, John J.Eisler, M.C.Mitema, E.S.Patzelt, R.J.Clausen, P.H.Poetzsch, C.J.Zessin, K.H.Mehlitz, D.Peregrine, A.S.[Drug sensitivity of trypanosome populations from cattle in a peri-urban dairy production system in Uganda]Drug sensitivity of trypanosome populations from cattle in a peri-urban dairy production system in Uganda

Isometamidium chloride has remained a very important prophylactic and therapeutic drug against trypanosomosis in cattle since its introduction into the market in the 1950s with, unfortunately, a concomitant development of resistance in trypanosomosis endemic areas. Amplified Fragment Length Polym...


Delespaux, V.Geysen, D.Majiwa, P.A.O.Geerts, S.[Identification of a genetic marker for isometamidium chloride resistance in Trypanosoma congolense]Identification of a genetic marker for isometamidium chloride resistance in Trypanosoma congolense

The high prevalence of resistance of Haemonchus contortus to all major anthelmintic groups has prompted investigations into alternative control methods in South Africa, including the use of copper oxide wire particle (COWP) boluses. To assess the efficacy of COWP against H. contortus in indigenou...


Vatta, A.F.Waller, P.J.Githiori, J.B.Medley, G.F.[The potential to control Haemonchus contortus in indigenous South African goats with copper oxide wire particles]The potential to control Haemonchus contortus in indigenous South African goats with copper oxide wire particles

A survey to investigate resistance to drugs used in the treatment of bovine trypanosomosis was conducted in the eastern province of Zambia between 1996 and 1998. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three districts (Petauke, Katete, Lundazi) at 34 village sampling sites selected at random fr...


Sinyangwe, L.Delespaux, V.Brandt, J.Geerts, S.Mubanga, J.Machila, N.Holmes, P.H.Eisler, M.C.[Trypanocidal drug resistance in eastern province of Zambia]Trypanocidal drug resistance in eastern province of Zambia

Trypanocidal drugs are the most commonly purchased and used livestock input by resource-poor farmers in sub-Saharan Africa. The effective use of trypanocidal drugs by smallholder farmers is threatened by the development of widespread resistance. This is a particular concern for smallholder crop-l...


Clausen, P.H.Bauer, B.Zessin, K.H.Diall, O.Bocoum, Z.Sidibe, I.Affognon, Hippolyte D.Waibel, H.Grace, DeliaRandolph, Thomas F.[Preventing and containing trypanocide resistance in the cotton zone of West Africa]Preventing and containing trypanocide resistance in the cotton zone of West Africa

This study assessed the degree of isometamidium resistance of trypanosomes infecting cattle in the upper Didessa valley of western Ethiopia. An initial prevalence study was conducted to identify sites with a high risk of trypanosmosis in cattle. The trypanosome prevalence varied widely, with t...


Tewelde, N.Abebe, G.Eisler, M.C.McDermott, John J.Greiner, M.Afework, Y.Kyule, M.Munstermann, S.Zessin, K.H.Clausen, P.H.[Application of field methods to assess isometamidium resistance of trypanosomes in cattle in western Ethiopia]Application of field methods to assess isometamidium resistance of trypanosomes in cattle in western Ethiopia

Field studies were conducted to assess the occurrence of resistance to isometamidium chloride and diminazene aceturate in trypanosomes infecting cattle in Kenedougou Province of Burkina Faso. Forty-five of the 166 villages in Kenedougou were randomly sampled and visited to assess livestock numb...


McDermott, John J.Woitag, T.Sidibe, I.Bauer, B.Diarra, B.Ouédraogo, D.Kamuanga, M.Peregrine, A.S.Eisler, M.C.Zessin, K.H.[Field studies of drug-resistant cattle trypanosomes in Kenedougou Province, Burkina Faso]Field studies of drug-resistant cattle trypanosomes in Kenedougou Province, Burkina Faso

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