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A linear programming model was used to analyze the effects of different herd and fodder management levels on agricultural income of small-scale mountain dairy farmers in northern Peru. Results demonstrate that fodder and herd management strongly impact farm profits. There exists considerable pote...


Bernet, T.León Velarde, C.U.[Income effects of fodder and herd management on small-scale milk producers in the northern Peruvian Andes]Income effects of fodder and herd management on small-scale milk producers in the northern Peruvian Andes

This paper explores local empowerment, income generation opportunities, and environmental sustainability under varying scales of woodlot management in Ethiopia. We find that more devolved woodlot management empowers resource users, providing greater decision-making autonomy regarding harvesting a...


Jagger, P.Pender, J.L.Gebremedhin, Berhanu[Trading off environmental sustainability for empowerment and income: Woodlot devolution in northern Ethiopia]Trading off environmental sustainability for empowerment and income: Woodlot devolution in northern Ethiopia

A survey was conducted by way of personal interviews with 562 respondents comprising 459 farmers and 103 butchers/traders in selected districts in the central and western parts of Kenya, consisting of three predominantly smallholder and four predominantly pastoral/extensive districts. The study a...


Kosgey, I.S.Rowlands, G.J.Arendonk, Johan A.M. vanBaker, R.L.[Small ruminant production in smallholder and pastoral/extensive farming systems in Kenya]Small ruminant production in smallholder and pastoral/extensive farming systems in Kenya

This article, which synthesizes the results of more than 140 economic models analyzing the causes of tropical deforestation, raises significant doubts about many conventional hypotheses in the debate about deforestation. More roads, higher agricultural prices, lower wages, and a shortage of off-f...


Angelsen, A.Kaimowitz, D.[Rethinking the causes of deforestation: lessons from economic models]Rethinking the causes of deforestation: lessons from economic models

Income measures are increasingly used as an indicator of the well-being of forest villagers, their use of forest products, and even the value of a forest. The methods for estimating income are often underreported, however, and little analysis is available of the methods required to measure income...


Wollenberg, Eva K.[Methods for estimating forest income and their challenges]Methods for estimating forest income and their challenges

The economic importance of Gaharu is assessed in three villages on the Bahau River in north-central Borneo to gain insights about the incentives for harvesting and management of valuable non-timber forest product. Three indicators of economic value-level and proportion of income, returns to labor...


Wollenberg, Eva K.[Incentives for collecting gaharu (fungal-infected wood of Aquilaria SPP, Thymelaeaceae) in East Kalimantan]Incentives for collecting gaharu (fungal-infected wood of Aquilaria SPP, Thymelaeaceae) in East Kalimantan

Two questionnaire surveys of fuel use by low-income households in Zimbabwe were conducted in four small towns in 1994, and in these towns plus four larger towns in 1999. An energy transition from wood through kerosene to electricity occured (a) with rising household income, (b) with increasing el...


Campbell, Bruce M.Vermeulen, Sonja J.Mangono, J.J.Mabugu, R.[The energy transition in action: domestic fuel choices in a changing Zimbabwe]The energy transition in action: domestic fuel choices in a changing Zimbabwe

This study used a Goal Programming approach to investigate the effects of changes in agricultural policies and labour supply due to deaths in farming households, on use of woodlands under two regimes; namely one where utilization of forest resources was restricted to within sustainable levels and...


Guveya, E.Sukume, C.[A goal programming model for planning management of Miombo woodlands]A goal programming model for planning management of Miombo woodlands
Autor: Powell, J.M.

Discusses the traditonal management of cattle manure in a cropping system in central Nigeria in conjunction with the agronomic benefits and problems of manure use.


Powell, J.M.[Manure for cropping: Case study from central Nigeria]Manure for cropping: Case study from central Nigeria

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